基于高比例新能源系统惯量的频率稳定性控制研究

Research on frequency stability of high proportion new energy grid-connected system based on virtual inertia

风电和光伏发电作为清洁能源,正成为未来能源供应的重要组成部分。然而,由于新能源出力特性的波动性和间歇性,高比例新能源并网会影响电力系统的稳定性。针对该问题,虚拟惯量控制策略作为一种有效的解决方案被提出。虚拟惯量控制可以提高新能源电力系统的稳定性,通过模拟同步发电机的惯性特性,使高比例新能源系统能够提供类似于传统同步发电机的频率响应。通过建立风电机组、光伏系统和混合储能设备的模型,给出虚拟惯量和时间常数。以风-光-储互联系统为对象,建立等效电路分析模型,分析功角摇摆特性和能量状态方程,阐述虚拟惯量改善系统稳定性的机理,进而提出基于LQR的自适应虚拟惯量控制策略,并通过实际工业园区的电力系统参数,对控制策略进行仿真,验证了自适应虚拟惯量控制策略的有效性。

Wind power and photovoltaic(PV)power generation,as clean energy sources,are becoming important components of future energy supply.However,due to the fluctuating and intermittent characteristics of renewable energy output,the stability of the power system is challenged when integrating a high proportion of renewable energy.To address this issue,the concept of virtual inertia control has been proposed as an effective solution.Virtual inertia control can enhance the stability of renewable energy power systems by simulating the inertia characteristics of synchronous generators,enabling high-penetration renewable energy systems to provide frequency response similar to that of traditional synchronous generators.This paper establishes models for wind turbines,PV systems,and hybrid energy storage devices,and defines virtual inertia and time constants.By considering the wind-solarstorage interconnected system,an equivalent circuit analysis model is developed to analyze the power angle swing characteristics and energy state equations.The mechanism by which virtual inertia improves system stability is explained.Furthermore,an adaptive virtual inertia control strategy is proposed.The control strategy is verified through simulation using actual power system parameters from an industrial park.The effectiveness of the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy has been verified.