格物以致其良知——王阳明的格物论及其致思理路

Recuperating Conscience Through Investigating Things:Wang Yangming’s Philosophy of Mind and Thinking of“Ge Wu”

王阳明格物论的建构始终伴随着对朱熹格物之法的质疑与回应。与朱熹讲求“即物穷理”不同,阳明格物论所观照的是人的主体性及其道德意志,提倡在心上做工夫的新进路。这重塑了格物论的基础,激起了对程朱理学的全面反思。阳明新诠“格物”的重心,以“致良知”的提出为界线,经历了由“诚意”到“致良知”的转移。不过,二者在逻辑上存在关联,致知、诚意、格物被相互贯通。阳明格物论的建构和变化体现出阳明学的宗旨与形成过程。

Wang Yangming’s process of establishing the theory of“Ge Wu”has always been accompanied by questioning and reflecting on Zhu Xi’s theory of“Ge Wu”.Unlike Zhu Xi,Wang Yangming’s philosophy of Mind emphasizes human subjectivity and moral will,advocating for mental effort.This reshaped the theoretical foundation and sparked a comprehensive reflection on Cheng Zhu’s philosophy.With the proposal of“recuperating conscience”as the boundary,Yang Ming’s theoretical focus has undergone a shift from“sincerity”to“recuperating conscience”.However,there is a logical connection between the two concepts,where knowledge,sincerity,and“Ge Wu”are interconnected.The establishment and changes of Yangming’s philosophy of Mind of“Ge Wu”reflect the purpose and formation process of Yangming’s philosophy of Mind.