我国水稻田除草剂登记现状分析

Registration Status of Rice Herbicides in China

为了给农药生产企业登记风险评估和防控、评估农药产业现状和发展趋势、指导农业生产实践等提供参考,在中国农药信息网查询水稻田登记有效期内的除草剂,并对其有效成分名称、单剂、混剂、毒性、剂型、登记有效期限、生产企业登记情况以及最大残留限量等进行统计、分析。结果表明,截至2023年底,全国有效期内登记的单剂有效成分共62个,合计1633项登记。单剂前20位的产品登记数量占总登记数量的80%以上;混剂有效成分共58个,合计1168项登记,涉及237组配比,其中二元混配143组、三元混配94组,登记产品以微毒、低毒为主,无高毒或剧毒产品。近10年(2014—2023年)来,可分散油悬浮剂、乳油、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、水乳剂是登记的主要剂型,占比81.17%,可湿性粉剂登记数量占比逐渐降低,乳油的登记数量呈上升趋势,可分散油悬浮剂呈现先升后降的趋势。同时,调查结果显示除草剂和其他农药混配施用实现了水稻高产稳产,保障了国家粮食安全,从而有效促进了我国农业可持续发展。

A survey of registration rice herbicides of availability in web of China Pesticide Information Network was conducted to inform registration risk assessment and protection measures for pesticide-producing establishments,pesticide current situation and developing trend assessment and guidance of agricultural production practice.We carried out statistic and analysis from names of active ingredients,single pesticides,mixture pesticides,toxicity,pesticide formulations,available period of pesticide registration,registration of pesticide-producing establishments,maximum residue limit and so on.As at the end of 2023,62 active ingredients from single pesticides had been registered within available period of pesticide registration with a total of 1633 registrations in China.The registered number of the top 20 in single pesticide products accounted for more than 80% of registrations.58 active ingredients from mixture pesticides with a total of 1168 registrations involved 237 combinations ratio including 143 two-element mixture pesticides and 94 three-element mixture pesticides.The registered products without high toxicity or virulent products are mainly slightly toxic and low toxicity.In the past ten years(2014~2023),OD,EC,WP,SC and EW were the main registered formulations accounting for 81.17%.The proportion of WP registered number was gradually decreasing,EC showed an upward trend,and OD presented increasing firstly and then dropping.The mixed application of herbicides and other pesticides has achieved high and stable yield of rice and ensured national food security,thus effectively promoting the sustainable development of agriculture in China.