大豆玉米带状复合种植盐碱地土壤改良对大豆的影响研究

Study on the Effects of Belt-like Compound Planting of Soybean and Corn and Soil Improvement on Soybean in Saline-alkali Soil

为研究盐碱地大豆玉米带状复合种植过程中,不同施肥处理对大豆生长、产量和品质的影响,以及对土壤养分含量的影响,为大豆玉米带状复合种植上肥料的合理施肥及推广应用提供借鉴,在山东省滨州市无棣县十里香芝麻制品股份有限公司种植基地开展“大豆玉米带状复合种植--盐碱地土壤改良试验”。结果表明,大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下,施腐植酸控释肥+土壤改良剂,大豆较常规施肥处理生物学性状有所改善,产量有所提升,土壤有机质含量有所提升,盐碱地土壤EC及水溶性盐总量有所降低。其中,大豆地上部分干重增加33.78%,百粒重增加9.16%,单株根瘤菌个数增加6个,产量提高20.38%。土壤EC降低48.7us/cm,水溶性盐总量减低0.35g/kg。建议盐碱地农户可采用大豆玉米带状复合种植,合理施用腐植酸控释肥及土壤改良剂,提高大豆产量获取更大收益。

In order to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth,yield and quality of soybean and the nutrient content of soil in the process of belt-shaped compound planting of soybean and maize in saline-alkali soil,it can be used as a reference for rational fertilization and application of fertilizer on belt compound planting of soybean and corn,in the base of Shilixiang Sesame Products Co.,Ltd..In Wudi County,Binzhou City,Shandong province,we carried out the"Soybean and corn belt compound planting-soil improvement experiment of saline-alkali soil".The results showed that the biological characteristics and yield of soybean were improved by applying humic acid controlled-release fertilizer and Soil conditioner fertilizer in the belt-type compound cropping system,the content of soil organic matter increased,the content of soil EC and water-soluble salt decreased.The dry weight of aboveground part increased by 33.78%,100-seed weight increased by 9.16%,the number of rhizobia per plant increased by 6,and the yield increased by 20.38%.Soil EC decreased by 48.7 US/CM and total soluble salt decreased by 0.35 g/kg.It is suggested that farmers in saline-alkali land could adopt soybean-maize belt compound planting,apply humic acid controlled-release fertilizer and Soil conditioner rationally,and increase soybean yield to obtain more benefits.