从供应链走向多中心数字生态供应链:理论探索与展望

Navigating from Supply Chains to Multi-centric DigitalEcosystems: Theoretical Explorations and Future Prospects

在全球化与数字化浪潮的双重驱动下,社会经济体系正经历着一场深刻的重塑,企业的运营模式也随之革新。在这一背景下,环境、社会和公司治理(ESG)理念的崛起以及产业链供应链数字化、韧性化等主题的兴起,不仅引领着供应链管理的范式转移,更催生出一种全新的、超越传统线性与集中式框架的供应链形态——多中心数字生态供应链。文章深入探讨了供应链的演变过程,从单一企业供应链出发,经过链主主导供应链和平台供应链的阶段,最终迈向多中心数字生态供应链的新时代。文章系统梳理了供应链转型的脉络,深度剖析了各类供应链模式在控制力、灵活性、协作效率、抗风险能力和创新潜能上的鲜明对比。特别地,聚焦于多中心数字生态供应链这一前沿领域,挖掘其内在机理,解码其成长轨迹,从价值创造、组织架构、资源协同到数字技术赋能,全方位展现其特质。在治理机制方面,文章探索了供应链管理的治理模式如何从集中式控制向多方协同转变,并进一步发展到基于智能合约和区块链的自组织治理。这种转变不仅提升了供应链的透明度和效率,还增强了其适应性和创新性。

Under the dual impetus of sustanbility and digitalization,the socio-economic system is undergoing a profound reshaping,and corporate operational models are also being innovated.Against this backdrop,the rise of the Environmental,Social,and Governance(ESG)philosophy,along with the emergence of themes such as digitalization and resilience of industrial chains and supply chains,is not only leading the paradigm shift in supply chain management but also giving birth to a new type of supply chain that transcends the traditional linear and centralized framework—the multi-centric digital ecological supply chain.This paper delves into the evolution of supply chains,starting from single enterprise supply chains,through the stages of supply chains dominated by chain leaders and platform supply chains,and finally moving towards the new era of multi-centric digital ecological supply chains.The paper systematically combs the context of supply chain transformation,deeply analyzes the distinct contrasts of various supply chain models in terms of control,flexibility,collaborative efficiency,risk resistance,and innovative potential.In particular,focusing on the cutting-edge field of multi-centric digital ecological supply chains,it explores their internal mechanisms,decodes their growth trajectory,and comprehensively presents their characteristics from value creation,organizational structure,resource collaboration to digital technology empowerment.In terms of governance mechanisms,this paper explores how the governance model of supply chain management has shifted from centralized control to multi-party collaboration,and further developed into self-organized governance based on smart contracts and blockchain.This transformation not only enhances the transparency and efficiency of the supply chain but also strengthens its adaptability and innovation.