盆底功能障碍性疾病的非手术治疗方法进展

Non-Surgical Treatment Methods for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

盆底功能障碍性疾病(pelvic floor dysfunction,PFD)是女性常见病,由于妊娠、分娩等因素导致盆底损伤时可引起盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)、尿失禁、肛门失禁、性功能障碍等严重影响患者生活质量的一系列病症。随着人口老龄化进展,这类疾病的负担将会继续加重。目前的治疗策略是首选非手术治疗,尤其是对于轻、中症患者。非手术治疗方法众多,如盆底肌肉训练(pelvic floor muscle training,PFMT)、电刺激、生物反馈、磁刺激、子宫托、尿道填充剂和再生医学等。随着医学发展,出现了越来越多与治疗此类疾病相关的新材料、新技术。在为患者选择治疗方案时需充分考虑每种治疗方法的特点,为患者提供个性化治疗。综述上述几种PFD的非手术方法,为治疗该疾病选择方案及进一步研究提供参考。

Pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD) is a common disease in women,which can lead to pelvic organ prolapse(POP),urinary incontinence,anal incontinence,sexual dysfunction,and other serious symptoms that affect the quality of life of patients,due to pelvic floor damage caused by factors such as pregnancy and childbirth.With the progress of population aging,the burden of these diseases will continue to increase.The current treatment strategy is to prefer non-surgical treatment,especially for patients with mild to moderate symptoms.There are numerous non-surgical treatment such as pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT),electrical stimulation,biofeedback,magnetic stimulation,uterine support,urethral bulking agents,regenerative medicine.With the development of medicine,more and more new materials and technologies related to the treatment of such diseases have emerged.When selecting a treatment plan for patients,it is necessary to fully consider the characteristics of each treatment method and provide personalized treatment for the patients.This review elaborates on several non-surgical methods for PFD mentioned above,providing references for selecting treatment options and further research on this disease.