不同颜色地膜对设施番茄生长发育和果实品质的影响

Effects of Different Colors of Mulch on the Growth,Development and Fruit Quality of Facility Tomatoes

以‘天赐565f1’番茄为试材,采用单因素随机区组设计,设置银色地膜(T1)、透明地膜(T2)、黑色地膜(T3)3种不同颜色地膜覆盖,以不覆膜为对照(CK),研究了基质栽培条件下不同颜色地膜覆盖对设施番茄生长、温室空气温湿度、产量和果实品质等的影响,以期为南疆地区日光温室基质地膜覆盖发展提供参考依据。结果表明:不同颜色地膜覆盖均有利于设施番茄生长发育,其株高、茎粗均较大,空气温度日积累上升,空气湿度日积累下降,净光合速率上升,产量提高,品质改善。T3覆盖处理后设施番茄单株产量最高达1.28 kg,维生素C含量为44.63 mg·(100g)^(-1),可溶性固形物含量为6.84%。不覆膜的番茄产量低、品质较差。相关性分析表明,番茄的产量与空气湿度日积累呈显著负相关,与品质指标可溶性固形物含量呈显著正相关。综上所述,T1、T2、T3均有利于改善设施番茄品质和提高产量,其中T3处理效果较佳,值得推广。

Taking‘Tianchi 565f1'tomato as the test material and a one-way randomized block design,three different colors of mulch,silver mulch(T1),transparent mulch(T2),and black mulch(T3)was set up,with no mulch as the control(CK).The effects of different colors of mulch on the growth,greenhouse air temperature and humidity,yield and fruit quality of tomato under substrate cultivation conditions were investigated,in order to provide reference for the development of substrate plastic film coverage in solar greenhouses in southern Xinjiang.The results showed that different colors of mulch were beneficial to the growth and development of facility tomato,its plant height and stem thickness were larger,the daily accumulation of air temperature increased,the daily accumulation of air humidity decreased,the net photosynthesis rate increased,the yield increased,and the quality was improved.The yield of single plant of facility tomato in T3 mulch treatment was up to 1.28 kg,the content of vitamin C was 44.63 mg·(100g)^(-1),and the content of soluble solid was 6.84%.Tomato yield was low and quality was poor in CK.Correlation analysis showed that the yield of tomato was significantly negatively correlated with the daily accumulation of air humidity and positively correlated with the quality index soluble solids.In summary,T1,T2 and T3 were all conducive to improving the quality and yield of tomatoes in facilities,of which the T3 treatment had a better effect and was worth promoting.