湖北省农村居民抑郁、焦虑和失眠情况及其影响因素分析

Study on the status and influence factors of depression,anxiety and insomnia among rural residents in Hubei Province

目的了解湖北省农村居民的抑郁、焦虑和失眠情况及其影响因素,为采取针对性干预措施提供科学依据。方法2021年10月―2022年2月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,应用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(generalized anxiety scale,GAD-7)和失眠严重指数量表(insomnia severity index,ISI)调查湖北省25个县(市、区)7212名农村居民抑郁、焦虑和失眠的发生情况;采用多因素logistic回归分析模型分析,研究抑郁、焦虑和失眠情况的影响因素。结果湖北省农村居民的抑郁、焦虑和失眠的筛查阳性率分别为3.6%(95%CI:3.1%~4.0%)、2.3%(95%CI:2.0%~2.7%)、14.8%(95%CI:14.0%~15.7%)。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,患慢性病、健康状况不佳、居住非武汉市为湖北省农村居民抑郁和焦虑的共同危险因素,其中患慢性病对抑郁和焦虑的OR(95%CI)分别为2.8(2.0~4.0)和1.8(1.2~1.7)、健康状况不佳的OR(95%CI)分别为4.5(3.4~5.9)和4.5(3.2~6.3)、居住非武汉市的OR(95%CI)分别为3.1(2.1~4.7)和2.0(1.3~3.0)。患慢性病、健康状况不佳、女性和非已婚状态为失眠的危险因素,OR(95%CI)分别为2.4(2.0~2.8)、2.9(2.5~3.4)、1.5(1.3~1.7)、1.3(1.1~1.5)(均P<0.05)。结论湖北省农村居民具有一定程度的抑郁、焦虑和失眠筛查阳性率;需重点加强对患慢性病、健康状况不佳、女性、非已婚状态等人群的心理干预,促进农村居民身心健康。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of depression,anxiety,and insomnia among rural residents in Hubei Province,and to provide scientific basis for taking targeted intervention measures.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 using multi-stage random sampling method.We used the patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9),generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7),and insomnia severity index(ISI)to effectively screen 7212 rural residents from 25 counties(cities)in Hubei Province for the prevalence of depression,anxiety,and insomnia.Multifactor logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the factors associated with depression,anxiety,and insomnia.Results The screen-positive rates of depression,anxiety and insomnia were 3.6%(95%CI:3.1%-4.0%),2.3%(95%CI:2.0%-2.7%)and 14.8%(95%CI:14.0%-15.7%),respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis model showed that chronic disease,poor health and living outside Wuhan were common risk factors for depression and anxiety among rural residents in Hubei Province.The OR(95%CI)of chronic diseases for depression and anxiety were 2.8(2.0-4.0)and 1.8(1.2-1.7),respectively;the OR(95%CI)of poor health was 4.5(3.4-5.9)and 4.5(3.2-6.3),respectively;the OR(95%CI)of people living outside Wuhan was 3.1(2.1-4.7)and 2.0(1.3-3.0),respectively.Chronic illness,poor health,female and non-married status were identified as risk factors for insomnia,with an OR(95%CI)of 2.4(2.0-2.8),2.9(2.5-3.4),1.5(1.3-1.7),and 1.3(1.1-1.5),respectively.Conclusions Rural residents in Hubei Province have a certain degree of depression,anxiety,and insomnia.Psychological interventions aimed at individuals with chronic diseases,poor health status,female gender,and unmarried status need to be strengthened to promote the physical and mental health of rural residents.