公共卫生科技政策热点挖掘及基金项目研究前沿主题识别分析

Hotspot mining of public health science and technology policies and identification and analysis of frontier themes in fund projects

目的从政策和基金项目视角对公共卫生科学研究领域的政策热点和项目研究前沿主题进行探索挖掘,了解基金项目主题在不同政策导向下的分布情况,梳理公共卫生的重点研究领域,为相关管理决策部门提供实证依据和科学参考。方法利用BTM(biterm topic modeling)主题模型,同时结合主题强度、主题新颖度等指标对1990-2019年公共卫生领域的科技政策及国家自然科学基金项目文本数据进行主题分析和文本挖掘。结果共挖掘到8个公共卫生领域的政策主题,其中较受关注的政策主题包括“环境因素与公共健康安全保障”和“基层卫生服务”。共识别到26个公共卫生基金项目的研究主题,其中包括6个热点前沿主题,主题强度最高的为“慢性非传染性疾病(简称慢性病)基因易感性”。各公共卫生科技政策主题中均有基金项目研究主题分布,除“人体健康与疾病的生物学基础”政策主题之外,其他政策主题均有基金项目热点前沿主题分布。“基层卫生服务”政策主题包含相关研究方向的基金项目数量相对较少。结论公共卫生政策科技主题的目标导向在基金项目中均有体现,其关键在于需求牵引和突破瓶颈,凝练的科学问题来源于社会需求。从基金项目管理视角出发,要坚持公共卫生科技政策目标导向和科学自由探索两条腿走路,强化学科系统部署,增强原始创新能力,服务于国家需求。

Objective From the perspective of policy and fund projects,this paper explors and excavates policy hotspots and cutting-edge topics in the field of public health science research.Understand the distribution of fund project themes under different policy orientations,sort out key research areas of public health,and provide empirical basis and scientific reference for relevant management and decision-making departments.Methods Using the BTM topic word model,combined with indicators such as topic intensity and topic novelty,theme analysis and text mining were conducted on the text data of science and technology policies in the field of public health and National Natural Science Foundation projects from 1990 to 2019.Results A total of 8 policy themes in the field of public health were excavated,among which the most popular policy themes include"Environmental factors and public health and safety guarantee"and"Grassroots health services".A total of 26 research topics from public health fund projects were identified,including 6 cutting-edge hot topics,with the highest intensity being"susceptibility to chronic disease genes".There is a distribution of research topics for funding projects in various public health science and technology policy themes.Except for the policy theme of"Biological Foundations of Human Health and Diseases",other policy themes have a distribution of cutting-edge topics of funding project hotspots.The number of fund projects related to research directions in the policy theme of"grassroots health services"is relatively small.Conclusions The goal orientation of public health policy science and technology themes is reflected in fund projects,with the key being demand driven,breaking through bottlenecks.The condensed scientific questions stem from social needs.From the perspective of fund project management,we must adhere to the two legged approach of public health science and technology policy goal orientation and scientific freedom exploration,strengthen the deployment of disciplinary systems,enhance original innovation capabilities,and serve national needs.