构建中国特色高等职业教育人才培养指标体系研究与分析——基于《2023中国职业教育质量年度报告》的实证研究

Modeling Research on Quality Evaluation of Talent Cultivation for Higher Vocational Education with Chinese Characteristics:An Empirical Study Based on the 2023 Annual Report on the Quality of Vocational Education in China

人才培养质量事关高职教育高质量发展,是衡量高职学校核心竞争力的根本所在。为充分展现中国特色高职教育人才培养质量,通过因子分析法,从人才培养投入、过程、产出3个维度,构建涵盖10项二级指标和34项三级指标的人才培养质量评价指标体系,对全国31个省份的1367所高职学校人才培养质量进行定量分析。研究发现,我国高职教育人才培养指数整体上呈现出“东高西低”现象;各区域人才培养投入与产出呈现正相关关系;区域之间、省份之间、学校之间发展不平衡不充分的问题比较突出。为此,提出提升高职教育人才培养质量的路径,即:加强东中西部协作、促进资源流动与共享;进一步深化产教融合、加快形成多元投入机制;形成以提升技术技能水平和就业质量为导向的人才培养成果评价机制等。

The quality of personnel training is related to the high-quality development of higher vocational education,and is the basis of measuring the core competitiveness of higher vocational schools.In order to fully display the quality of talents training in higher vocational education with Chinese characteristics,the paper adopts the method of factor analysis from three dimensions of talent training input,process and output,to construct an evaluation index system of talent training quality covering 10 secondary indicators and 34 tertiary indicators,and to quantitatively analyze the quality of talent training in 1367 higher vocational schools in 31 provinces.It is found that the talent cultivation index of higher vocational education in our country shows the phenomenon of"east high and west low".The problem of unbalanced and insufficient development between regions,provinces and schools is more prominent.Therefore,this paper puts forward the ways to improve the quality of vocational education personnel training,which are:to strengthen the cooperation between the east,the middle and the west and promote the flow and sharing of resources;to further deepen the integration of industry and education and accelerate the formation of a multi-input mechanism;to form an evaluation mechanism of talent cultivation results oriented by upgrading technical skill level and employment quality.