山东省潍坊市犊牛腹泻病原检测与分析

Detection and Analysis of Calf Diarrhea Pathogens inWeifang City of Shandong Province

为调查潍坊市规模化奶牛场导致犊牛腹泻的主要病原,采集部分地区23个规模化奶牛场共计246份犊牛腹泻粪便样品,分别进行轮状病毒(BRV)、牛冠状病毒(BCoV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、产气荚膜梭菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌检测。结果显示:产气荚膜梭菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、BRV、BCoV、BVDV的个体检出率分别为45.53%、21.95%、3.25%、24.80%、3.66%、13.01%,群体检出率分别为60.87%、34.78%、8.70%、34.78%、13.04%、26.09%;二重感染率为65.22%,三重感染率为8.70%,未见三重以上感染;时间分布分析发现,产气荚膜梭菌、大肠杆菌和BVDV在第二季度感染率最高,BRV在第三季度感染率最高;不同地区分析发现,昌邑市、寒亭区、临朐县、寿光市产气荚膜梭菌检出率最高,而诸城市大肠杆菌检出率最高。结果说明:产气荚膜梭菌、大肠杆菌及BRV是导致潍坊市犊牛腹泻的主要病原,且混合感染情况较普遍;不同季节、不同地区的病原流行情况存在差异。建议潍坊市加强产气荚膜梭菌、大肠杆菌以及BRV的检测与控制,各县(市、区)根据当地病原流行情况采取针对性防控措施。

In order to investigate major pathogens causing calf diarrhea in intensive dairy farms in Weifang City,a total of 246 calf diarrhea fecal samples were collected from 23 intensive farms in some regions to detect bovine rotavirus(BRV),bovine coronavirus(BCoV),bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV),Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli and Salmonella,respectively.The results showed that the individual detection rates of Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli,Salmonella,BRV,BCoV and BVDV were 45.53%,21.95%,3.25%,24.80%,3.66%and 13.01%,respectively,the ones at the group level were 60.87%,34.78%,8.70%,34.78%,13.04%and 26.09%,respectively;the double infection rate was 65.22%,the triple one was 8.70%,and no other multiple infection was observed;it was found that,based on time distribution analysis,the infection rates of Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli and BVDV were the highest in the second quarter,and that of BRV was the highest in the third quarter;it was found that,based on analysis on different regions,the detection rates of Clostridium perfringens were the highest in Changyi City,Hanting District,Linqu County and Shouguang City,and the rate of Escherichia coli was the highest in Zhucheng City.In conclusion,Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli and BRV were mainly responsible for calf diarrhea in Weifang City,especially mixed infection that was widely distributed;and these pathogens were prevalent to different extent depending on different seasons and regions.It was recommended to further detect and control Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli and BRV in Weifang City,and implement targetedprevention and control measures according to local prevalence status of pathogens in all counties(cities/districts).