法治乡村背景下人民调解的实践困境与优化路径——基于H省五地的经验考察

Practical Dilemma and Optimization Paths of the Current Rural Mediation:Based on the Empirical Investigation of Five Places in H Province

乡村振兴背景下,乡村人民调解逐渐成为乡村社会治理的一个重要手段。当前我国乡土社会正处于快速转型期,推动实现乡村依法治理,应更注重以人民调解委员会为主导的矛盾纠纷依法化解模式。通过对H省五地的实地调查,当前乡村人民调解运行中面临调解组织缺乏实质上的独立性、调解活动的开展缺乏经费支持、人民调解机制下解纷调解意识缺位等现实困境。应当促进乡村人民调解员专职化发展,持续改进调解工作激励制度,积极推进“三治”协同治理,充分发挥人民调解制度在推动法治乡村助力乡村振兴中的重要作用,实现乡村社会和谐发展。

Under the background of rural revitalization,rural mediation has gradually become an important means of rural social governance.At present,China’s rural society is in a period of rapid transformation.To promote rural governance in accordance with the law,we should pay more attention to the mode of resolving contradictions and disputes by law led by the people’s mediation committee.Through the investigation of the experience of five places in H Province,it is found that the current rural mediation operation is faced with many practical difficulties,such as the lack of substantive independence of mediation organizations,the lack of financial support for the development of mediation activities,and the absence of dispute resolution and mediation consciousness under the people’s mediation mechanism.We should promote the professionalization of rural mediators,continually improve the incentive mechanism for mediation work,actively promote the collaborative governance of“three governance”,give full play to the important role of people’s mediation system in promoting the rule of law in rural areas and helping rural revitalization,and realize the harmonious development of rural society.