俄汉语被动构式题元性能探析

Analysis of the verbal actant’s properties of passive constructions in Russian and Chinese

自然语言中的被动构式是一个独特的“形义结合体”,它同动词句法位、句法行为所关联的题元功能—语义属性和功能表现存在紧密而特殊的联系。本文主要就俄汉语被动构式中,动词主体、客体题元的角色功能运作及与此相关的语义—句法行为、交际—语用功能特性等问题进行探讨,借此深入揭示两种语言被动构式中动词题元的功能运作、表现的共性特征和内容,同时深化关于俄汉语被动构式题元机制的认识。相关研究将有益于从题元理论维度推进俄汉语构式语义特点和构式运作机制的研究。

Passive constructions in natural language are a unique“form-meaning combination”,which is closely and specifically related to the functional-semantic attributes and functional performance of actants associated with the syntactic position and syntactic behavior of the verb.This article discusses the role and functional operation of the verbal subject and object actants in Russian and Chinese passive constructions,as well as the related semantic-syntactic behavior and communicative-pragmatic functional properties associated with it,in order to reveal the common features and contents of the functional operation and performance of the verbal actants in passive constructions of the two languages,and at the same time to deepen the understanding of the actant mechanism of Russian and Chinese passive constructions.The research will be useful in advancing the study of the semantic features of Russian-Chinese constructions and their operating mechanism from the perspective of actant theory.