猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病原学特征与疫苗研究进展

Etiological characteristics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and the research progress of vaccines

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是一种引起仔猪死亡、呼吸道症状和怀孕母猪流产、死胎、木乃伊胎以及公猪呼吸症状和精液质量下降等繁育障碍为特征的高度接触性传染病。猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)可分型为欧洲型(PRRSV-1),美洲型(PRRSV-2),中国目前正在流行的PRRSV病毒分有1、3、5、8四个谱系。疫苗是目前防控PRRSV的有效措施之一,但由于PRRSV的变异性高以及病毒和病毒、病毒和疫苗之间交叉重组现象严重,导致PRRSV防控难度加大。PRRSV生物学特征以及疫苗的研究成为目前研究的热点。本文对PRRS病原学特征和疫苗研究进展进行综述,为PRRS有效防控提供参考。

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a highly contagious infectious disease charac-terized by piglet deaths,respiratory symptoms,and reproductive disorders such as abortion,stillbirth,mummi-fied fetuses,and boar respiratory symptoms and decreased semen quality.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)can be classified into European(PRRSV-1)and American(PRRSV-2),and there are four lineages of PRRSV virus currently circulating in China:1,3,5 and 8.Vaccines are one of the effective measures to prevent and control PRRSV,but due to the high variability of PRRSV and the serious cross-recombi-nation between viruses and viruses and vaccines,it is more difficult to prevent and control PRRSV.The study of the biological characteristics of PRRSV and vaccines has become a hot topic of research.This article reviews the etiological characteristics of PRRS and the research progress of vaccines,so as to provide reference for the effective prevention and control of PRRS.