免疫检查点抑制剂在非小细胞肺癌耐药后治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Post-resistance Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因,最常见的病理类型为非小细胞肺癌。以抗程序性细胞死亡受体1/程序性细胞死亡配体1为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)的发展极大地延长了无驱动基因突变患者的生存时间。尽管ICIs在疗效方面优于常规化疗,但原发或继发性耐药的发生不可避免地降低了患者的获益。而ICIs联合靶向、中医、放疗等组合疗法,或新型免疫疗法的运用,能够延缓或逆转耐药的发生,且部分治疗组合显示出一定成效。为了患者的长远获益,进一步探索ICIs的耐药机制以及更多的联合治疗方案来克服耐药是未来的研究方向。

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide,and the most common pathological type is non-small cell lung cancer.The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),represented by anti-programmed cell death receptor 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1,has greatly extended the survival time of the patients without driver gene mutations.Although ICIs is superior to conventional chemotherapy in terms of efficacy,the occurrence of primary or secondary resistance inevitably reduces patient benefit.ICIs combined with targeting treatment,traditional Chinese medicine,radiotherapy and other combination therapies,or the use of new immunotherapies,can delay or reverse the occurrence of drug resistance,and some treatment combinations have shown certain effectiveness.For the long-term benefit of the patients,further exploration of the mechanism of drug resistance of ICIs and more combination therapies to overcome drug resistance are the future research directions.