烟台市某化工集聚区浅层地下水化学特征分析

Hydrochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in a chemical industry agglomeration area of Yantai City

为研究烟台市某化工集聚区浅层地下水化学特征,在集聚区及周边采集12组地下水、1组地表水样品进行测试,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、相关性分析、地下水Gibbs图、离子比值法和主成分分析法进行地下水化学特征分析,并探讨此化工集聚区生产活动对地下水环境的影响。结果表明:研究区浅层地下水呈中性—弱碱性,水化学类型主要为SO_(4)—Ca·Na型,其次为SO_(4)·HCO_(3)—Ca·Mg型、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)—Ca·Na型、SO_(4)·HCO_(3)·Cl—Ca·Na型、SO_(4)·Cl—Ca型、SO_(4)·HCO_(3)—Ca、SO_(4)—Na型;浅层地下水化学成分主要来源于蒸发岩和硅酸盐溶解的共同作用;化工企业对地下水污染影响显著,越靠近污染源,离子浓度越高,对地下水污染程度越严重。沿地下水流向,上游污染物质易在下游迁移汇集,加重下游地下水污染。

To investigate thehydrochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in a chemical industrial agglomeration area in Yantai City,this study collected 12 sets of groundwater samples and one set of surface water samples from the study area and its surrounding areas.It analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics ofgroundwater by integrating various methods like mathematical statistics,Piper and Gibbsdiagrams,correlation analysis,the ion ratio method,and principal component analysis.Moreover,it explored the impacts of production activities in thestudy area on the groundwater environment.The results show that:(1)The shallow groundwater in the study area was neutral to slightly alkaline,with the primary hydrochemical type being the SO_(4)-Ca·Na type,followed by the SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg,HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na,SO_(4)·HCO_(3)·Cl-Ca·Na,SO_(4)·Cl-Ca,SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca,and SO_(4)-Na types;(2)The chemical composition of shallow groundwater originated principally from the combined effects of evaporite and silicate dissolution;(3)Chemical enterprises contributed significantly to groundwater contamination.A nearercontamination source is associated with higher ion concentrations,suggesting more severe groundwater contamination.Along the groundwater flow direction,contaminants in upper reaches are prone to migrate and accumulate toward lower reaches,aggravating groundwater contamination in lower reaches.