微压氧舱恢复对中枢疲劳射击运动员自主神经系统的影响

The Impact of Micro-Pressurized Oxygen Chamber Recovery on the Autonomic Nervous System of Centrally Fatigued Shooting Athletes

目的:探讨压力为1.3~1.5ATA、氧气纯度约为82%、氧弥散率约为25%的微压氧舱恢复对中枢疲劳射击运动员自主神经系统的影响和疲劳消除的效果。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,以北京市射击运动学校10名参加第一届全国学生(青年)运动会的运动员进入氧舱前、后的心率变异性为研究对象,采用Firstbeat训练监测系统对运动员疲劳恢复程度监测,对出现疲劳恢复值较低的运动员进行60 min的微压氧舱恢复,恢复结束后再次对运动员的常规指标、时域指标和频域指标进行监测。结果:(1)微压氧舱恢复后,10名运动员的平均心率、平均最大心率百分比、峰值心率、峰值心率最大百分比、最小心率、最小心率百分比非常显著低于氧舱恢复前(P<0.01);平均耗氧量、体积通气量峰值、耗氧量峰值显著低于氧舱恢复前(P<0.05);快速恢复指数和快速恢复比例值非常显著高于氧舱恢复前(P<0.01)。(2)微压氧舱恢复后RMSSD、SDNN的值非常显著高于微压氧舱恢复前(P<0.01)。(3)微压氧舱恢复后HF、VLF非常显著高于微压氧舱恢复前(P<0.01)。结论:60 min微压氧舱恢复能够显著提高中枢疲劳射击运动员自主神经系统调节能力,有效增强副交感神经系统活性,改善交感神经与副交感神经之间的平衡状态,可以作为射击运动员中枢疲劳时的有效恢复手段。

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to explore the impact of recovery in a micro-pressurized oxygen chamber with a pressure range of 1.3 to 1.5 ATA,approximately 82% oxygen purity,and a 25% oxygen diffusion rate on the autonomic nervous system and fatigue elimination in centrally fatigued shooting athletes.METHODS:Using a combination of literature review,experimental methods,and statistical analysis,the study focused on heart rate variability before and after ten athletes from the Beijing Shooting Sports School participated in the first National Student(Youth) Games and underwent recovery in the oxygen chamber.The Firstbeat training monitoring system was utilized to monitor the athletes' fatigue recovery levels.Athletes with lower fatigue recovery values underwent 60 minutes of recovery in the micro-pressurized oxygen chamber,followed by the monitoring of conventional,time-domain,and frequency-domain indicators post-recovery.RESULTS:(1) Following recovery in the micro-pressurized oxygen chamber,the average heart rate,average maximum heart rate percentage,peak heart rate,peak heart rate maximum percentage,minimum heart rate,and minimum heart rate percentage of the ten athletes were significantly lower than before the oxygen chamber recovery(P<0.01).Average oxygen consumption,peak ventilation volume,and peak oxygen consumption were also significantly lower post-recovery(P<0.05).Moreover,the quick recovery index and quick recovery ratio were significantly higher post-recovery(P<0.01).(2) The values of RMSSD and SDNN after recovery in the micro-pressurized oxygen chamber were significantly higher than before(P<0.01).(3) After recovery in the micro-pressurized oxygen chamber,HF and VLF were significantly higher than before(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Sixty minutes of recovery in a micro-pressurized oxygen chamber significantly enhances the autonomic nervous system regulation ability of centrally fatigued shooting athletes,effectively boosting parasympathetic nervous system activity and improving the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.This method can be considered an effective approach for recovery from central fatigue in shooting athletes.