留守儿童社会适应现状及改善策略——基于网络分析的实证研究

Current Situation and Improvement Strategies of Leftbehind Children's Social Adaptation:An Empirical Study Based on Network Analysis

社会适应是留守儿童健康发展的重要指标,促进留守儿童的社会适应是乡村教育振兴的关键环节。为探索当前留守儿童群体社会适应的现状,本研究构建了新时代留守儿童社会适应指标体系,并据此选取5个省7050名中小学生(其中留守儿童1972名)进行问卷调研。研究利用网络分析的方法进行数据分析,将社会适应指标按照重要性和影响力分为三级,由此构建社会适应指标的三级模型。模型表明,对于留守儿童群体,小学阶段的同伴关系、核心自我评价和中学阶段的核心自我评价分别为重要性最高的一级指标,即进行干预的“抓手”。改善留守儿童社会适应状况,亟需从核心自我评价和同伴关系两个层面入手。

Social adaptation is an important indicator of the leftbehind children's healthy development,and promoting their social adaptation is a key link of rural education revitalization.In order to clear the current situation of social adaptation of leftbehind children,this study constructed an indicator system of social adaptation.There are 7,050 primary and secondary school students from 5 different provinces participating in the survey,including 1972 leftbehind children.Using network analysis,this study divides social adaptation indicators into three levels according to their importance and influence,constructing a threelevel model.The model shows that core selfevaluation and peer relationship are the most important indicators in primary school,and core selfevaluation is the most important indicators in middle school.All of them are the breakthrough points for intervention.To improve leftbehind children's social adaptation,it is urgent to comprehensively promote the level of core selfevaluation and peer relationship.