《国家基本药物目录》(2012年版和2018年版)与《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(2023版)中眼科用药的比较和分析

Ophthalmic medications in List of National Essential Medicines(Version 2012 and 2018)and WHO Model List of Essential Medicines(Version 2023)

目的为我国《国家基本药物目录》中的眼科用药提供改进建议。方法采用描述性分析方法,将《国家基本药物目录》(2012年版和2018年版)与《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(2023版)中眼科用药部分进行对比,重点比较药品种类、剂型、规格和备注等方面的差异。结果与2012年版相比,2018年版的《国家基本药物目录》在西药和中药方面都有药物的增减和调整。《国家基本药物目录》(2018年版)与《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(2023版)在药品分类、剂型和规格等方面存在差异。《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(2023版)提供了详细的药物功能介绍和补充说明,以及可替代方案(药物)。结论《国家基本药物目录》(2018年版)根据我国眼科疾病的特点和需求进行了调整,但仍有改进的空间。借鉴《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(2023版)的分类方法、制定替代药物清单,完善备注和适应证,可以更好地为不同级别医疗机构提供指导,提高眼科用药的安全性和适用性。

Objective To provide recommendations for the improvement of the National Essential Medicines List(NEML)for ophthalmic drugs.Methods Descriptive analysis was used to compare the National Essential Medicines List(Version 2012 and 2018,NEML-2012 and NEML-2018)with the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines(Version 2023,WHO-EML-2023),focusing on the differences in drug types,dosage forms,specifications and notations of ophthalmic drugs.Results Compared with NEML-2012,NEML-2018 witnessed additions,removals,and adjustments in both western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.Furthermore,disparities in drug classification,formulations,and specifications were observed between NEML-2018 and WHOEML-2023,which provided detailed descriptions of the functions of the medicines and supplementary descriptions,as well as alternative solution.Conclusion NEML-2018 has been revised to cater to the characteristics and requirements of ophthalmic diseases in China.However,there is still room for improvement.Adopting the classification of WHO-EML-2023,developing a list of alternative medicines,and improving remarks and indications provides guidance to different levels of healthcare institutions and helps improve the safety and applicability of ophthalmic medicines.