宜昌地区某中低品位磷矿光电选矿工艺试验研究

Experimental study on photoelectric beneficiation process ofa medium-low grade phosphate ore in Yichang area

为探索光电选矿工艺在宜昌某中低品位磷矿的适用性,分别对该磷矿Ph_(1)^(3)下磷层和Ph_(2)^(2)中磷层中低品位条带状矿石开展工艺矿物学研究,查明其化学组成、磷元素分布、矿物组成、嵌布关系等特征,然后开展光电选矿试验研究。结果表明,磷元素主要分布在胶磷矿条带中,硅酸盐或碳酸盐等脉石条带中含磷较低,条带界线截然,宽度一般为0.5~3 cm,此矿石特性非常有利于通过光电选矿作业抛除废石实现预富集。将硅酸盐条带型和碳酸盐条带型磷矿石分别破碎筛分预处理后,利用XRT/CCD双融合智能光电选矿机对8~28 mm粒径组分进行选别试验,在抛废率为45%左右时,预处理粉矿(<8 mm)+光选精矿综合富集比>1.2,综合回收率>85%,抛废效果明显,选别指标良好。该研究证实光选工艺可满足矿山中低品位磷矿石选矿需求,可为矿山后期选矿工艺方案选择提供一定的指导。

In order to explore the applicability of the photoelectric beneficiation process in a medium-low grade phosphate rock in Yichang,the process mineralogy of low-grade banded ores in the lower phosphorus layer of Ph_(1)^(3) and the middle phosphorus layer of Ph_(2)^(2) are studied respectively,by which their chemical composition,phosphorus distribution,mineral composition and dissemination characteristics are identified.The results show that the phosphorus element is mainly distributed in the band of collophane,and the phosphorus content in the gangue bands such as silicate or carbonate is low,and the band boundary is clear,and the width is generally 0.5-3 cm.This ore characteristic is very conducive to the pre-enrichment of waste rock by photoelectric beneficiation.After crushing and screening pretreatment of the silicate strip type and carbonate strip type phosphate ore respectively,the XRT/CCD dual fusion intelligent photoelectric concentrator is used to carry out the separation test on the 8-28 mm particle size.When the discarding rate is about 45%,the pretreated powder ore>1.2,the comprehensive recovery rate>85%,the discarding effect is obvious,and the separation index is good,which confirms that the optical separation process could meet the requirements of the middle and low grade phosphate ore in the mine,and provides some guidance for the selection of the later beneficiation process scheme of the mine.