面向低空经济的空联网络组网关键技术研究综述

Survey of key technologies for networking in air-connectednetworks for the low-altitude economy

在5G网络全球加速部署的背景下,将无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV)深度融合至5G,B5G乃至未来6G网络架构中,已成为一项极具前瞻性的策略,旨在通过高效传输无人机所承载的特定任务数据,推动多样化应用场景的实现。低空经济作为新兴领域,其核心在于构建以UAV产业为基础的立体网络体系,该体系不仅集成了通信与感知一体化的综合信息服务能力,更成为驱动低空经济蓬勃发展的关键力量。聚焦于低空经济网络的全面剖析,系统性地概述了低空经济网络的基本架构;从多个维度深入探讨了支撑该网络运行的关键技术,具体包括:组网标准的制定、立体覆盖增强技术、移动性管理技术、通感算一体化设计、路径规划与避障策略以及基于数字孪生的低空智能管控方案;剖析了当前低空经济网络发展面临的主要挑战,提出了对未来发展趋势的展望。

In the context of the accelerated global deployment of 5G networks,deeply integrating unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)into 5G,B5G,and even forthcoming 6G network architectures has emerged as a highly forward-looking strategy.This aims to facilitate the efficient transmission of data carried by UAVs for specific tasks,thereby promoting the realization of diverse application scenarios.As a burgeoning field,the core of the low-altitude economy lies in constructing a three-dimensional network system based on the UAV industry.This system integrates comprehensive information service capabilities of communication and sensing and becomes a key force driving the vigorous development of the low-altitude economy.This paper focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the low-altitude economy network.We first systematically overview the basic architecture of the low-altitude economy network.Subsequently,we delve into the key technologies supporting the operation of this network from multiple dimensions,including the formulation of networking standards,enhancement technologies for three-dimensional coverage,mobility management technologies,communication-sensing-computing integration design,path planning and obstacle avoidance strategies,and low-altitude intelligent control solutions based on digital twins.Finally,we analyze the main challenges currently faced by developing the low-altitude economy network and provide prospects for future development trends.