基于计划行为理论的护理干预在晚期早产儿母乳喂养中的应用效果观察

Effect of nursing intervention based on planned behavior theory on the breastfeeding in late-preterm infants

目的:探讨基于计划行为理论的护理干预在晚期早产儿母乳喂养中的应用效果。方法:选取92对晚期早产儿及产妇为研究对象。2023年3月至6月住院的46对早产儿及产妇为对照组,给予产科和新生儿科常规护理。7月至10月住院的46对早产儿及产妇为观察组,在产科常规护理的基础上实施新生儿科基于计划行为理论的护理干预。比较两组产妇母乳喂养自我效能、产后14天的泌乳量及早产儿母乳喂养情况。结果:干预后,观察组产妇母乳喂养自我效能得分、产后14天的泌乳量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿开始母乳喂养时间早于对照组,住院期间中、高比例母乳喂养患儿多于对照组,出院时及出院后1个月的纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于计划行为理论的护理干预可有效提高晚期早产儿产妇母乳喂养自我效能,提高晚期早产儿母乳喂养率。

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on planned behavior theory on the breastfeeding in late-preterm infants.Methods:A total of 92 late-preterm infants and their mother in the neonatal department in a hospital in Tianjin from March 2023 to October 2023 were conveniently selected as the research subjects.According to the date of their hospitalization,46 infants and their mothers from the first four months were selected as the control group,and 46 infants and their mothers from the second four months were selected as the intervention group.The control group implemented the routine nursing,and the intervention group implemented the nursing intervention based on the theory of planned behavior,including the routine nursing.The breastfeeding self-efficacy,breastfeeding volume at the second week after birth,and the breastfeeding status in preterm infants between the two groups were compared.Results:After intervention,the breastfeeding self-efficacy scores of the mothers and breastfeeding volume at the second week after birth in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the time of first breastfeeding,the proportion of medium and high breastfeeding rate during hospitalization,exclusive breastfeeding rate at discharge and 1 month after discharge were all significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The nursing intervention based on the theory of planned behavior can effectively improve breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers with late-preterm infants,and increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding of late-preterm infants.