IgG4相关性肝脏炎性假瘤合并肝组织感染1例并文献复习

IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor complicated with hepatic tissue infection:a case report and literature review

目的报道1例以多发肺、肝结节为临床表现的IgG_(4)相关性肝脏炎性假瘤(HIPT)合并肝组织感染患者的临床影像特点并复习文献,以期帮助临床医师诊治及鉴别IgG_(4)相关性肝脏炎性假瘤。方法回顾性分析1例多发肺、肝结节的IgG_(4)相关性疾病(IgG_(4)-RD)患者的病例资料,并通过检索中英文数据库,综合文献结果,总结IgG_(4)相关性HIPT和肝组织感染的临床影像特点。结果本例为64岁女性,因“纳差乏力1年余、干咳4个月”至解放军总医院第一医学中心风湿免疫科住院,仅有肺、肝多发结节,无眼睑、腮腺、颌下腺、胰腺等受累,血IgG_(4)(14.1 g/L)及C反应蛋白(CRP,82.1 mg/L)水平均升高。肺CT提示双肺多发实性结节、边界清楚。腹部增强磁共振检查显示肝S7段结节,周围有假包膜,边界清楚,均匀强化;肝S5段结节,边界模糊,环形强化;最终肝结节通过病理和病原学宏基因测序证实S7段结节为IgG_(4)相关性HIPT,S5段结节为肝组织感染。经足疗程抗感染和甲泼尼龙、来氟米特治疗后,复查肺、肝结节基本消失。检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed数据库(截至2023年9月),未见IgG_(4)-RD肝脏受累同时合并感染的病例报道。目前共报道26例IgG_(4)-RD肝脏受累病例,男性居多(92.3%),平均年龄51岁,多以肝功能异常为首发症状就诊,血炎症指标正常,影像表现以单个结节多见(88.5%),边界清楚,均匀强化和环形强化均可见,常同时合并胰腺、胆道受累,病理为确诊该疾病的金标准。结论本例肝内多发结节为IgG_(4)相关性HIPT与感染共存。在诊治以肝多发结节为表现的IgG_(4)-RD患者时,若结节影像学特征不一致,需考虑原发病与其他情况并存的情况,该病容易误诊,须获取病理组织帮助确诊。

Objective To report the clinical and imaging characteristics of a case with the clinical manifestation of multiple lung and liver nodules,diagnosed as IgG_(4)-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor(HIPT)complicated by hepatic tissue-infection,and review the literature in order to facilitate clinical diagnosis and differential identification of IgG_(4)-related HIPT.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of a patient with IgG_(4)-related disease(IgG_(4)-RD)characterized by multiple lung and liver nodules.A literature review was performed by searching Chinese and English databases to summarize the clinical and imaging characteristics of IgG_(4)-related HIPT and hepatic tissue infection.Results The case involved a 64-year-old female admitted to the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital due to"poor appetite and fatigue for over a year,and dry cough for four months".She presented with multiple nodules in the lungs and liver,without involvement of the eyelids,salivary glands,submandibular glands,or pancreas.Laboratory test results revealed elevated serum IgG_(4) levels at 14.1 g/L and C-reactive protein(CRP)at 82.1 mg/L.Pulmonary CT scans indicated multiple solid nodules in both lungs with clear boundaries.Abdominal contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a nodule in liver segment S7 with a pseudocapsule around it,clear boundaries,and uniform enhancement;another nodule in liver segment S5 with blurred boundaries and ring enhancement.The final diagnosis of the liver nodules was confirmed by pathological and metagenomic sequencing to be an IgG_(4)-related HIPT in segment S7 and hepatic tissue infection in segment S5.After a full course of anti-infection and treatment with methylprednisolone and leflunomide,follow-up imaging showed near-complete resolution of the lung and liver nodules.Literatures were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,and PubMed databases(up to September 2023),and no case of IgG_(4)-RD complicated with both liver involvement and infection was found.A total of 26 cases of IgG_(4)-RD involving the liver have been reported so far,predominantly in males(92.3%),with an average age of 51 years.Most patients presented with abnormal liver function as the initial symptom,with normal blood inflammatory markers.Imaging typically shows a single nodule in 88.5%of cases,with clear boundaries and uniform enhancement,as well as ring enhancement.Concurrent involvement of the pancreas and biliary tract is common.Pathology is the gold standard for confirming the disease.Conclusions This case reports coexistence of IgG_(4)-related HIPT and infection within multiple hepatic nodules.In the diagnosis and treatment of patients with IgG_(4)-RD presenting with multiple hepatic nodules,if the imaging characteristics of the nodules are inconsistent,it is necessary to consider the possibility of the underlying disease coexisting with other conditions,which can be easily misdiagnosed.Actively obtaining pathological tissue is crucial for aiding in the definitive diagnosis.