能源地缘政治视角下尼日尔能源产业的发展与中尼能源合作

Development of Energy Industry in Niger and Energy Cooperation between China and Nigeria from the Perspective of Energy Geopolitics

尼日尔的能源产业主要依靠铀和石油的开发与出口,其铀产业长期受法国垄断,且近年来发展进入瓶颈期,对经济增长的贡献受限。相比之下,起步较晚的石油产业则有望大幅助力尼日尔的经济发展。总体上看,尼日尔的能源地缘政治格局呈现日趋开放与多元化的特点,其能源产业经济驱动性的增加与外向性的减少为中尼能源合作的实现创造了条件。中尼能源合作始于21世纪初,尽管面临多重挑战,但相关应对举措有利于尼日尔新能源地缘政治格局的构建,能够赋予尼日尔更多主体性与选择权,并推动其经济的可持续发展。同时,中尼能源合作对中国具有重要战略意义,有助于拓宽中国在能源领域对外开放的渠道,推动中国在西非能源地缘政治格局中发挥积极作用,传播具有中国特色的能源地缘政治理念。未来,中尼能源合作具备较为良好的发展前景,石油产业合作将在中短期内成为中尼能源合作发展的重点领域。而长期来看,中尼铀产业合作仍有发展空间,有望进一步助力于中国“双碳”目标的实现与中非命运共同体的构建。

Niger's energy industry mainly relies on the development and export of uranium and oil,and its uranium industry has long been monopolized by France,and in recent years,its development has entered a bottleneck period,and its contribution to economic growth is limited.In contrast,the oil industry,which started late,is expected to give Niger's economy a big boost.On the whole,the geopolitical pattern of energy in Niger is becoming more and more open and diversified,and the increase of economic driving and the decrease of extroverted energy industry have created conditions for the realization of energy cooperation between China and Niger.The energy cooperation between China and Nigeria began in the early 21st century.Despite the multiple challenges,the relevant countermeasures are conducive to the construction of Niger's new energy geopolitical pattern,which can give Niger more subjectivity and choice,and promote its sustainable economic development.At the same time,the energy cooperation between China and Nepal is of great strategic significance to China,helping to broaden the channels for China to open up in the energy field,promoting China to play an active role in the geopolitical pattern of energy in West Africa,and spreading the geopolitical concept of energy with Chinese characteristics.In the future,China-Nepal energy cooperation has relatively good prospects for development.Oil industry cooperation will become a key area of energy cooperation between China and Nepal in the short to medium term.In the long run,there is still room for development in the uranium industry cooperation between China and Nepal,which is expected to further contribute to the realization of China's"dual carbon"goal and the construction of China-Africa community of shared future.