复古与新变:论李梦阳的骚体乐府

Retro and Novelty in Yuefu Poetry in the Style of Lisao Written by Li Mengyang

李梦阳作为前七子的领袖人物,在明代复古思潮的背景下继承屈骚传统,并将骚体这一具有强烈感情色彩的文体应用于乐府诗中,创作出琴操、楚调歌、杂调曲和古调歌四大类共30余首骚体乐府诗。骚体长于抒情,乐府感于哀乐、缘事而发的特点与李梦阳“真诗”“主情”的理论高度契合。李梦阳在继承屈骚传统和汉乐府精神实质的基础上,进行改造与创新,其骚体乐府不仅内容充实、情感真挚,而且艺术上别出心裁,独具特色。这类诗歌既是明代复古运动下的产物,同时又抒发了强烈的真情实感,弥合了复古与抒情之间的矛盾。

Li Mengyang inherited the tradition of Qu Sao under the background of retro thought in the Ming Dynasty,and applied the style of Lisao with strong emotion to Yuefu poetry to write more than thirty Yuefu poems in the style of Lisao in four categories:“Qincao”,“Chudiao Ge”,“Zadiao Qu”,and“Gudiao Ge”.The poems in the style of Lisao are good at expressing emotions,and Yuefu poems are good at embodying sorrow and joy.The event-driven characteristics is highly consistent with Li Mengyang’s viewpoints on“poetry with genuine emotion”and“emotion dominance”.On the basis of inheriting the tradition of Qu Sao and the spiritual essence of Yuefu in the Han Dynasty,Li Mengyang reconstructed the poetic style.Yuefu poetry in the style of Lisao is not only rich in content and sincere in emotion but also unique in art.This kind of poetry is not only the product of the retro movement in the Ming Dynasty but also expresses a strong sense of genuine emotion bridging the contradiction between retro and lyricism.