海南金鲳人工养殖群体遗传多样性与遗传结构的微卫星分析

MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE IN CULTURED POPULATIONS OF GOLDEN POMPANO,TRACHINOTUS BLOCHII IN HAINAN PROVINCE

为评估海南省金鲳(Trachinotus blochii)人工养殖群体的种质资源背景及群体遗传结构,研究利用16对微卫星标记对采集自海南东方基地(晨海群体, CH)、陵水基地(青利群体, QL)、三亚基地(蓝粮群体, LL)共3家繁育公司的210尾金鲳进行了群体遗传学分析。结果显示, 16个微卫星标记在3个群体中共检测到251个等位基因(N_(a)),平均观测杂合度(H_(o))、平均期望杂合度(He)及平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.630、0.714及0.679,各位点的基因流(N_(m))平均为5.217。其中QL群体具有较高的遗传多态性。群体间的Nei’s遗传分化系数(F_(st))介于0.017—0.038, AMOVA结果显示个体间的遗传变异占总变异的87%。STRUCTURE遗传聚类分析将3个群体分为两个亚群(K=2), QL与LL构成遗传亚群I,而CH构成遗传亚群II。UPGMA聚类分析结果与STRUCTURE基本一致,并进一步揭示了CH群体与QL、LL群体之间在遗传结构上的差异。综上, 3个不同来源的海南省金鲳养殖群体尚保持较高的遗传多样性,且存在一定的遗传结构差异。研究结果可为金鲳种质资源的评价与利用提供一定的数据支撑。

Golden pompano(Trachinotus blochii)is an important marine aquaculture species in China,particularly within Hainan Province,which serves as a primary hub for pompano culture and seedling supply.In order to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of cultured golden pompano populations in Hainan Province,a population genetic analysis was conducted using 16 microsatellite markers on 210 individuals collected from three breeding companies situated in Hainan’s Dongfang base(referred as CH population),Lingshui base(referred as QL population),and Sanya base(referred as LL population).The results revealed a total of 251 alleles(N_(a))detected across the 16 microsatellite markers in the three populations.The average observed heterozygosity(H_(o)),expected heterozygosity(H_(e))and average polymorphic information content(PIC)were 0.630,0.714,and 0.679,respectively.The average gene flow(Nm)across all loci was calculated as 5.217.Notably,the QL population showed higher genetic polymorphism.Nei’s genetic differentiation coefficient(F_(st))among the populations ranged from 0.017 to 0.038.The AMOVA analysis revealed that 87%of the total genetic variation resided among individuals within populations.The STRUCTURE ana-lysis clustered the populations into two subgroups(K=2),with QL and LL forming a genetic subgroup I,and CH form-ing genetic subgroup II.The UPGMA clustering analysis was consistent with the STRUCTURE results,and further revealed fine-scale genetic differentiation between the CH population and the QL and LL populations.Overall,cultured populations of golden pompano from different sources in Hainan province exhibited high genetic diversity,along with some level of genetic structure differences.These findings provide valuable data support for the evaluation and utiliza-tion of golden pompano genetic resources.