石榴籽多糖的提取、纯化及体外抗氧化和降血糖活性分析

Extraction,Purification and Analysis of Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities in Vitro of Polysaccharides from Pomegranate Seeds

通过超声辅助浸提法从石榴籽中提取石榴籽多糖,并利用单因素实验对影响石榴籽多糖得率的四个因素(超声时间、液料比、超声温度、超声功率)进行了分析。采用响应面法优化了石榴籽多糖提取工艺,并研究了石榴籽粗多糖(PSP)及DEAE-52离子柱纯化组分的体外抗氧化和降血糖活性。结果表明,超声辅助浸提法提取石榴籽多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:超声时间62min、液料比15mL·g^(-1)、超声温度62℃、超声功率440W。在此条件下,石榴籽多糖得率为2.03%±0.07%。PSP经DEAE-52离子柱纯化后得到PSP-A、PSP-B、PSP-C、PSP-D四种纯化多糖组分。多糖的体外抗氧化及降血糖活性显示,PSP及4种纯化多糖均能有效提高DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基(O_(2)^(-)·)清除率及总还原力,抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的活性,且呈剂量依赖性。其中,PSP的抗氧化及降血糖能力均优于4种纯化多糖组分,DPPH、O_(2)^(-)·、总还原能力的最高清除率分别为96.78%±1.41%、41.50%±3.43%、1.83±0.01,α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的最大抑制率分别为86.48%±2.23%、63.68%±1.31%。总之,石榴籽多糖具有良好的体外抗氧化和降血糖功能。该研究为石榴籽多糖相关产品的开发利用提供了理论依据。

Pomegranate seed polysaccharides were extracted from pomegranate seeds by ultrasound-assisted leaching and four factors(ultrasound time,liquid-to-solid ratio,ultrasound temperature and ultrasound power)affecting the yield of polysaccharides from pomegranate seeds were analyzed using a one-way experiment.The extraction process of polysaccharides from pomegranate seeds was optimized by response surface method,and the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of crude polysaccharides from pomegranate seeds and the purified fractions from DEAE-52 ionic column in vitro were explored.The results showed that when the ultrasound-assisted extraction time of polysaccharides from pomegranate seeds was 62 min,the liquid-solid ratio was 15 mL·g^(-1),the ultrasound temperature was 62℃and the ultrasound power was 440 W,the best polysaccharides yield was 2.03%±0.07%.PSP was purified by DEAE-52 ionic column to obtain four purified polysaccharides,PSP-A,PSP-B,PSP-C and PSP-D.The antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides in vitro showed that PSP and four purified polysaccharides were effective in increasing the scavenging rate of DPPH,O_(2)^(-)·and total reducing power,and inhibiting the activities ofα-glucosidase andα-amylase in a dose-dependent manner.Among them,the antioxidant and hypoglycaemic abilities of PSP were superior to the four purified polysaccharides,with the maximum scavenging rates of 96.78%±1.41%,41.50%±3.43%,and 1.83±0.01 for DPPH,O_(2)^(-)·,and total reducing capacity,respectively,and the maximum inhibition ofα-glucosidase andα-amylase were 86.48%±2.23%,63.68%±1.31%.In conclusion,pomegranate seed polysaccharides have good antioxidant and hypoglycemic functions in vitro.This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of pomegranate seed polysaccharide-related products.