航空医疗救援分队训练现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on training status of aviation medical rescue team and analysis of influencing factors

目的通过对航空医疗救援分队的人员特征、参训情况、训练需求和参训满意度进行调查分析,为训练与考核大纲的构建和训练装备的改进提供参考依据,提出促进航空医疗救援事业发展的对策建议。方法通过自编问卷,抽取航空医疗救援队的115名队员进行问卷调查。使用EpiData 3.1软件进行问卷数据录入和处理,采用SPSS 27.0软件进行统计学分析。结果救援队员对救治技能的培训需求较高,但救治理论、实践技能跟自身能力预期存在差异。参加过航空医疗救援任务或训练的队员对航空救援领域的了解度明显高于未参加者,低压氧舱训练、模拟仿真训练与综合流程训练实际需求显著高于实际培训时长(P<0.01)。不同人口学特征的参训满意度存在差异,参加过救援任务的队员对培训组织、装备物资保障、统筹准备、教学内容4个维度的满意度得分均显著高于从未参加过救援任务的队员。结论现行的培训体系和参与救援任务均有助于促进救援队员对航空救援事业的了解,但在目前的训练中仍存在专职人员缺位、训练效率偏低、装备配备滞后等问题,无法充分满足现阶段战斗力生成与保障需求,因此迫切需要加快标准化救援队伍建设和训练体系建设,提升分队训练水平和训练效益,提升救援能力。

Objective To investigate and analyze the personnel characteristics,training situation,training needs and training satisfaction of the aviation medical rescue team,so as to provide a reference basis for the construction of training and assessment guidelines and the improvement of training equipment,as well as to propose countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of aviation medical rescue.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey 115 members of the aviation medical rescue team.EpiData 3.1 software was used for data entry and processing,and SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The rescue team members had a high demand for training in medical treatment skills,but there was a gap between their expectations and their actual abilities in medical treatment theory and practical skills.Members who had participated in aviation medical rescue missions or training had a significantly higher understanding of aviation rescue than those who had not.The actual demand for low-pressure oxygen chamber training,simulation training,and comprehensive process training was significantly higher than the actual training time(P<0.01).The training satisfaction of members with different demographic characteristics varied.Members who had participated in rescue missions had significantly higher satisfaction scores in four dimensions,including training organization,equipment and material support,overall preparation,and teaching content,than those who had never participated in rescue missions.Conclusion The current training system and participation in rescue missions are helpful to promote the understanding of aviation rescue among rescue team members.However,there are still problems in the current training,such as a shortage of full-time personnel,low training efficiency,and outdated equipment,which cannot fully meet the current needs for combat readiness and support.Therefore,it is urgent to accelerate the standardized construction of rescue teams and training systems,improve the training level and efficiency of teams,and enhance their rescue ability.