2015—2022年北京市丰台区农村结直肠癌早诊早治项目筛查结果分析

Analysis of screening results of early diagnosis and treatment program for colorectal cancer in rural areas of Fengtai district,Beijing,2015—2022

目的 分析2015—2022年北京市丰台区农村结直肠癌早诊早治的筛查结果。方法 选取2015—2022年在北京市丰台区农村癌症早诊早治项目点的40~74岁常住居民进行筛查,通过问卷调查、免疫化学法粪便潜血试验初筛评估出结直肠癌高危人群,并对高危人群进行结直肠镜检查,计算结直肠癌高危率、肠镜检查依从率和结直肠癌检出率。结果 丰台区共14 972名居民参与结直肠癌高危风险评估,评估出结直肠癌高危人群5 961人,高危率为39.81%,其中男性高危率低于女性(P<0.001);70~74岁年龄组的高危率最高(43.53%),40~44岁年龄组最低(31.88%)。完成肠镜检查3 314人,依从率为55.59%;45~49岁年龄组的依从率最高(63.23%),65~69岁年龄组最低(48.58%)。肠镜检查中异常病变检出率为5.07%,其中进展期腺瘤,伴中、重度异型增生的其他病变,早期癌和中晚期癌的检出率分别为4.77%、0.09%、0.15%和0.06%。男性的进展期腺瘤、早期癌和中晚期癌检出率均高于女性,伴中、重度异型增生的其他病变检出率则低于女性;不同年龄组间进展期腺瘤的检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且以70~74岁年龄组的检出率最高(9.57%)。结论 北京市丰台区农村结直肠癌筛查的高危率较高,且女性高危风险高于男性,老年人是高风险人群,未来应加强对这些高危人群进行检测和筛查,并提高其依从性。

Objective To analyze the screening results of early diagnosis and treatment program for colorectal cancer in rural areas of Fengtai district,Beijing from 2015 to 2022.Methods The permanent residents aged 40 to 74 years old in rural early cancer diagnosis and early treatment project sites in Fengtai district,Beijing from 2015 to 2022 were selected for screening.The high risk population of colorectal cancer were initially screened through questionnaire survey and fecal immunochemical test,and colorectal colonoscopy was performed.The high risk rate,colonoscopy compliance rate and detection rate of colorectal cancer were calculated.Results A total of 14,972 residents in Fengtai district participated in high risk assessment of colorectal cancer,of which 5,961 people were found to be at high risk of colorectal cancer,with a high risk rate of 39.81%.The high risk rate of males was lower than females(P<0.001),the highest was in the 70-74 age group(43.53%)and the lowest was in the 40-44 age group(31.88%).Colonoscopy was performed in 3,314 cases,with the compliance rate of 55.59%,the highest was in the 45-49 age group(63.23%)and the lowest was in the 65-69 age group(48.58%).Among the colonoscopy results,the detection rate of abnormal lesions was 5.07%,among which the detection rates of advanced adenoma,other lesions with moderate or severe dysplasia,early cancer,and advanced cancer were 4.77%,0.09%,0.15%,and 0.06%,respectively.The detection rates of advanced adenoma,early cancer,and advanced cancer in males are higher than those in females,while the detection rates of other lesions with moderate or severe dysplasia was lower than those in females.There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of advanced adenoma among different age groups(P<0.001),and the detection rate was highest in the 70-74 age group(9.57%).Conclusions The high risk rate of colorectal cancer screening in rural areas of Fengtai district,Beijing is relatively high,and females have a higher risk than males,and the elderly is the high risk population.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the detection and screening of these high risk population,and improve their compliance.