稳慎推进宅基地制度改革的逻辑需求与路径选择

The logical demand and path choose of steady and careful promote the reform on rural homestead system

现阶段宅基地制度的本质依然是保障村民“户有所居”的福利性功能,而宅基地制度改革需要面对融宅基地农民集体所有的“公权”与房屋农民个人所有的“私权”于一体的复杂产权关系,解决宅基地利用效率不高与保障乡村振兴产业用地需求之间的矛盾,历史遗留问题类型多、处置难等多维现实难题,这些逻辑需求客观上决定了“稳慎推进”是推进宅基地制度改革的总基调,也决定着宅基地制度改革的路径选择。我国的宅基地制度改革要在坚持底线思维、系统思维、农民主体、公平准则、问题导向、先立后破的基础上,遵循“三权分置”的改革方向,尊重地方的首创精神,构建一套“公平分配、依法取得、户有所居、节约利用、权属清晰、权能完整、流转有序、管理规范”的宅基地利用与管理制度体系,为乡村振兴战略的实现提供保障与支撑。

At the present stage,when the welfare nature of the homestead system has not changed,the homestead system is related to the people s livelihood security.The reform of the homestead system is faced with such realistic problems as the complex property rights relationship,the increasingly acute contradiction between the supply and demand of homesteads,the interweaving and superposition of historical problems,and practical contradictions,which objectively determine that“steady and careful promotion”is the general tone of the homestead system reform.Steady and careful promotion does not mean that we should be timid about the reform.Instead,we should follow the reform direction of“separation of three powers”on the basis of adhering to bottom line thinking,systematic thinking,farmers main body,fair standards,problem orientation,and first establishing and then breaking,and respecting the local initiative,to build a set of homestead utilization and management systems of“fair distribution,legal acquisition,household ownership,economical utilization,clear ownership,complete power and function,orderly circulation,and standardized management”so as to provide guarantee and support for the realization of the Rural Revitalization Strategy.