光响应纳米材料在骨组织再生中的应用

Application of photoresponsive nanomaterials in bone tissue regeneration

背景:光响应纳米材料兼具纳米材料的优点以及光响应的独特优势,在组织再生、生物成像、疾病诊断、药物递送和靶向治疗等生物医学领域广泛应用,是目前功能材料领域的研究热点。目的:综述光响应纳米材料及其在骨组织再生中的应用优势和研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索中国知网和PubMed数据库,主要的英文检索词为“light-responsive,photoresponsive,nanomaterials,bone defect,bone regeneration,osteogenesis,osseointegration”,主要的中文检索词为“光响应,纳米材料,骨缺损,骨再生,骨结合”,根据纳入和排除标准筛选相关文献,最终纳入59篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:光响应纳米材料的表面形貌可通过直接调节成骨细胞及间接调节免疫相关细胞的基因表达及生物学行为来促进骨组织再生。光响应纳米材料可利用光热抗菌、光动力抗菌促进感染性骨缺损的修复。光响应纳米材料产生的温和光热刺激可通过上调成骨相关基因、蛋白质的表达及功能性成骨来有效增强成骨作用。光响应纳米材料在光照下可产生电子,进而通过调节细胞局部电位变化达到无创促进骨组织再生的目的。基于光响应纳米材料的药物释放系统可在特定光源照射下发生结构变化,以促进药物释放,为骨组织再生提供靶向治疗策略。

BACKGROUND:Photoresponsive nanomaterials offer the combined advantages of nanomaterials and the unique benefits of light responsiveness.They find extensive applications in biomedical fields like tissue regeneration,biological imaging,disease diagnosis,drug delivery,and targeted therapy,making them a research hotspot in the field of functional materials.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the advantages and research progress of photoresponsive nanomaterials in bone tissue regeneration.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were searched using the main English search terms“light-responsive,photoresponsive,nanomaterials,bone defect,bone regeneration,osteogenesis,osseointegration”and main Chinese search terms“light-responsive,nanomaterials,bone defect,bone regeneration,osseointegration.”Relevant literature was selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,resulting in the inclusion of 59 articles for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface morphology of photoresponsive nanomaterials can promote bone tissue regeneration by directly modulating the gene expression and biological behavior of osteoblasts and indirectly regulating immune-related cells behavior.Photoresponsive nanomaterials can be utilized for photothermal and photodynamic antibacterial purposes to facilitate the repair of infectious bone defects.Mild photothermal stimulation generated by photoresponsive nanomaterials can effectively enhance osteogenesis by upregulating the expression and functionality of osteogenic-related genes and proteins.Photoresponsive nanomaterials can produce electrons under light exposure,thereby achieving non-invasive promotion of bone tissue regeneration by modulating local cellular potential changes.Drug release systems based on photoresponsive nanomaterials can undergo structural changes under specific light sources to promote drug release,providing targeted therapeutic strategies for bone tissue regeneration.