美国人工智能驱动的科学研究新进展和部署动向——以美国能源部为例

New State and Deployment of AI for Science in U.S.:Take United States Department of Energy as an Example

在算法、算力、大数据技术的共同支持下,人工智能逐渐展示出改变科学研究方法、提升研究效率、促进科学发现等重要潜力,推动人工智能驱动的科学研究(AIforScience,AI4S)这一前沿领域发展。现阶段,人工智能已在生物医药、数学、物理、化学、材料、海洋、地球科学、环境和气象等不同领域取得突破性进展。美国联邦政府科技管理部门中,美国能源部凭借长期积累的人才、高性能计算优势,积极探讨AI4S重点领域、发展方向和关键挑战,在组织机构、前沿基础设施、研究项目等方面进行布局,旨在打造以高性能计算为核心的人工智能生态,解决科学研究、能源和安全领域的关键问题。

With the joint support of algorithms,computility,and big data,artificial intelligence(AI)is demonstrating significant potential to change scientific research methods,improve research efficiency and promote scientific discovery,thereby promoting the development of the cutting-edge field of AI for Science(AI4S).At present,artificial intelligence has made breakthrough progress in various fields such as biomedicine,mathematics,physics,chemistry,materials,oceanography,earth sciences,environment,meteorology,etc.Among the U.S.federal government departments related to science and technology,the U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)has been actively exploring the key areas,directions,and key challenges of AI4S.With its long-term accumulation of talent and advantages in high-performance computing,DOE has deployed in organizational structure,significant infrastructure,research projects,aiming to develop an artificial intelligence ecosystem centered on highperformance computing to solve key problems in scientific research,energy,and security.