活性染料浸染残液的再利用技术

Reuse technology of the residual solution of dip dyeing with reactive dyes

为了践行印染行业节水减排、节能降耗的绿色发展理念,提高活性染料的利用率及其应用的经济效益和社会效益,分别采用棉阳离子改性、残液酸化复原部分水解染料、残液与织物的交联染色3种不同方案探讨活性染料浸染残液的再利用技术。测试活性浸染残液的上染率、固色率和染色织物的K/S值、色牢度,优化工艺方法和条件。结果表明,3种处理技术较残液直接染色效果均有提高,其中经酸化处理后的X-3B残液染色棉织物的上染率达63.56%,固色率近50%,上染率、固色率和K/S值分别提高1.1倍、1.5倍和1.1倍;残液交联染色随着交联剂用量和焙烘温度的提高,X型和K型活性残液染色棉织物的K/S值均增加,直至趋于平缓,尤其耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均由2.0级提升至3.0级。

To practice the green development concept of water conservation,emission reduction,energy saving,and consumption reduction in the dyeing and printing industry,and to improve the utilization rate,economic and social benefit of reactive dyes,three different schemes are adopted to explore the reuse technology of reactive dyes dip dyeing residual so⁃lution,including cationic modification of cotton,acidification of residual solution to restore partially hydrolyzed dye,and crosslinking dyeing of residual solution to fabric.The dyeing uptake rate,fixation rate of the residual solution of reactive dyes dip dyeing,and the K/S value and color fastness of the dyed fabric are tested.The process method and conditions are optimized.The results show that the dyeing efficiency of the three treatment technologies is improved compared with the di⁃rect dyeing effect of the residual solution,in which the dyeing uptake rate of the X-3B residual solution after acidification is 63.56%,and the color fixation rate is nearly 50%.The dye uptake rate,color fixation rate and K/S value are increased by 1.1 times,1.5 times and 1.1 times respectively.With the increase of crosslinking agent concentration and the baking temperature,the K/S value of cotton fabric dyed with X-type and K-type active residual solution increased until it became smooth,especially the color fastness to soap washing and rubbing increased from grade 2.0 to grade 3.0.