亚慢性臭氧暴露诱发树鼩多器官损伤的研究

Multiple organ injury induced by sub-chronic ozone exposure in tree shrews

目的观察亚慢性臭氧暴露对树鼩各系统器官的损伤情况。方法8只树鼩分为对照组(n=3)和实验组(n=5)。实验组树鼩暴露于臭氧环境中(1 ppm),每天8 h,连续28 d,制备亚慢性臭氧暴露树鼩模型。HE染色观察臭氧对树鼩多器官损伤的影响。结果对照组树鼩各组织器官未见明显异常。实验组树鼩呼吸系统中肺实变明显,肺部正常结构基本消失,肺部病变主要集中在肺部中心区域,表现为渗出性和出血性病变,肺泡腔内有较多蛋白质渗出物沉积和出血,肺泡管严重变形。免疫系统中腭扁桃体淋巴结结构相对松散,被膜下窦增宽,髓质区染色浅,组织排列疏松,淋巴细胞大量崩解坏死;脾脏淋巴细胞大量坏死崩解,红白髓结构不清,脾小结不明显,动脉周围淋巴鞘结构不明显,呈现脾脏出血性坏死和脾萎缩的特征。眼呈现严重的全葡萄膜炎表现,角膜上皮与角膜基质层脱离,角膜明显增厚主要为基质层明显疏松结构紊乱且增厚,睫状肌排列紊乱,玻璃体腔内大量炎性细胞和渗出沉积物,视网膜脱落、断裂,视网膜各层细胞大量减少且排列稀疏,结构不清。结论亚慢性臭氧暴露对树鼩多系统组织器官产生严重损伤,主要影响呼吸系统,免疫系统和眼。

Objective To investigate the effects of sub-chronic ozone exposure on organ injury of tree shrews.Methods Eight shrews were divided into control group(n=3)and experiment group(n=5).Five tree shrews were given sub-chronic ozone exposure of 1 ppm,8 hours daily for 28 days.Three tree shrews were used as sham control.Tissue and organ samples were taken to evaluate the damage of ozone by HE.Results Shrews in the sham control group exhibited no noteworthy abnormalities in their tissues and organs.In the respiratory system of tree shrews in the model group,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease changes were observed in the lungs,with obvious lung consolidation and the disappearance of the structure of the lungs.Exudative and hemorrhagic lesions were present,with an increased amount of protein exudate deposition and bleeding in the alveolar cavity.Pulmonary lesions were mainly located in the central part of the lungs.The palatal tonsil lymph nodes of the immune system showed a relatively loose structure,with a widened subcapsular sinus,a lightly stained medullary area,and a loose tissue arrangement.In the immune system,necrosis and disintegration of a large number of splenic lymphocytes leading to unclear red and white pulp structures,splenic nodules,and lymphatic sheath structures around the arteries.The number of lymphocytes surrounding the arteries was significantly reduced,dispersedly arranged,and the number of splenic trabeculae was increased.The staining of the red pulp area was faint,and the number of lymphocytes was decreased.Red blood cells were scattered,displaying the characteristics of hemorrhagic necrosis and splenic atrophy in the spleen.The eyes exhibited severe anterior,middle and posterior Uveitis.The corneal epithelium had separated from the corneal stroma,leading to a noticeable thickening of the cornea.This was primarily caused by a disorganization of the stroma,disruption of the ciliary muscle arrangement,a proliferation of inflammatory cells and exudative deposits in the vitreous cavity,retinal detachment and fracture,a reduction in cell numbers and sparse arrangement of cells in each layer of the retina,and separation from the choroid.No abnormalities were observed in the sclera.The results of study indicate that ozone exposure can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related alterations in the tree shrews'respiratory system.The immune system showed necrosis and atrophy of the palatine tonsil and spleen,while the eyes revealed severe uveitis in the anterior,middle and posterior regions.Conclusion Tree shrews exposed to sub-chronic ozone display severe damage to their multisystem tissues and organs,with the respiratory system,immune system,and eyes being particularly affected.