大果甜仁杏新品种中杏7号的选育

Zhongxing No.7,a new large fruit and sweet kernel apricot cultivar

中杏7号是以蜜香为母本、凯特为父本人工杂交选育而成的大果甜仁优质杏品种。果实圆形,平均单果质量108.5 g,最大单果质量140.0 g;果实较对称,缝合线浅,梗洼中深,果顶微凹,无果顶尖,果皮有茸毛,中厚;成熟时果实底色黄色,阳面红色。果肉橙黄色,肉厚质细,多汁,纤维少,香甜浓郁。果核圆形,褐色,离核。仁甜,种仁较饱满。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)14.5%,维生素C含量9.3 mg·100 g^(-1),可溶性糖含量7.9%,总酸含量1.1%,可食率96.3%。新乡地区3月中旬开花,6月上旬果实成熟,11月中旬落叶。树体生长势强,易成花,以花束状果枝和短果枝结果为主,自花结实能力差,需配置授粉树。中杏7号外观美,品质优,果个大,核仁甜,丰产稳产,适应性强,适合在河南及周边平原、丘陵、山地等杏栽培区栽培。

Zhongxing No.7 apricot is a new large fruit and sweet kernel apricot cultivar selected from crossing between Mixiang and Katy apricot.It was approved by the Approval Committee for Improved Varieties of Forest Tree of Henan Province in January,2023.The average fruit weight was 108.5 g,and the maximum fruit weight was 140.0 g.The average longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and side diameter of the single fruit were 5.5 cm,6.0 cm and 5.9 cm respectively.The fruit shape was near globose with concave apex and no fruit tip,and the fruit had yellow ground color and flake pink color on the sunny side when mature.The fruit had nearly symmetry,deep suture,and medium deep cavity.The fruit surface was smooth,the pericarp was hairy and the fruit peel was medium thick.The fruit flesh was orange in color,delicate in texture,with a low fiber content,medium firmness,balanced sugar/acid ratio and intense fruity aroma.The fruit soluble solids content was 14.5%,the total soluble sugar content was 7.9%,the total acid content was 1.1%,and the Vitamin C content was 9.3 mg·100 g^(-1).The fruit kernel was round,brown and detached from the flesh.The average dry kernel weight was 3.2 g,the kernel length was 2.7 cm,and the kernel width was 2.4 cm.The kernel was sweet and large with average single dry weight of 0.5 g.The edible rate was 96.3%.The burst date of flower buds was in early-March,early blossoming period in mid-March,and full blossoming period in mid-late March.The flowering period was approximately 7-10 days in Xinxiang area,Henan Province.The flower was showy.It had five light pink petals with one pistil and 26-35 stamens.The anther was light yellow with a lot of pollen.The fruit development period was about 75 days.The fruit ripening date was early June in Xinxiang.The leaf buds bursted in late March and the leaves expanded in early April.Trees defoliation started in early-November.The tree posture was spreading and the tree vigor was strong.The flower bud formation was easy and the fruits were mainly bore on the short fruit branches.The pollination tree was needed for its poor self-fruiting ability.The tree was highly and stably productive and started to bear fruits in the second year after planting.It exhibited strong adaption to undesirable circumstances,and was resistance to frost.It would be suitable for cultivation in Henan province and the other apricot suitable planting areas of China.