不同类型花生品种相关性及主成分聚类可视化热图分析

The Visual Heat Map Analysis of Correlation and Principal Component Clustering of Different Peanut Varieties

为评价分析不同类型花生品种的遗传多样性,以60个花生品种为研究对象,对16个主要农艺性状数据进行了变异分析、相关性评价、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,农艺性状变异系数在6.32%~52.81%之间,亚油酸变异系数最大,其变异系数大于10%的性状有13个,具有丰富的遗传信息和多样性。百仁重、生育期与荚果产量呈极显著正相关,主茎高与侧枝长,荚果产量和籽仁产量,结果枝数与总分枝数,百仁重与百果重、生育期、亚油酸含量等性状间呈极显著正相关。主成分分析特征值大于1的主成分有6个,累计贡献率81.64%。利用主成分分析后筛选出的主茎高、侧枝长、总分枝数、结果枝数、百果重、饱果率、百仁重等11个性状进行聚类分析,11个性状划分为了6个类群,60个品种划分为了8个类群,每类群性状特色突出。第1类和第2类包括了所有高油酸花生品种;第4类聚合品种最多,属于产量较高、荚果较大的品种。客观的评价和合理的分类,可为花生育种目标制定和新品种选育提供理论参考。

In order to evaluate and analyze the genetic diversity of different peanut cultivars,60 peanut cultivars were selected as the research objects,and 16 main agronomic traits were analyzed by variation analysis,correlation evaluation,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of agronomic characters ranged from 6.32%to 52.81%,and linoleic acid had the largest coefficient of variation,and 13 characters had a coefficient of variation greater than 10%,showing rich genetic information and diversity.Hundred kernel weight and growth period were positively correlated with pod yield.Main stem height and side branch length,pod yield and seed kernel yield,number of fruit branches and total branch number,hundred kernel weight and hundred fruit weight,growth period,linoleic acid content were positively correlated.There were 6 principal components with eigenvalue greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.64%.Cluster analysis was conducted on 11 traits screened by principal component analysis,including main stem height,lateral branch length,total number of branches,number of fruiting branches,hundred fruit weight,fruit satiation rate,and hundred kernel weight.The 11 traits were divided into 6 groups,and the 60 varieties were divided into 8 groups,and each group features outstanding traits.Groups 1 and 2 included all high oleic acid peanut varieties;the fourth group has the most aggregate varieties,which belong to the varieties with higher yield and larger pods.The objective evaluation and reasonable classification can provide theoretical reference for the setting of peanut breeding target and the selection of new varieties.