基于匹配追踪的两步法面波压制方法应用研究

Application research of two-step surface wave suppression method based on matching pursuit

在陆地地震勘探中,面波是一种普遍发育的规则干扰波,具有频率低、能量强的特点,严重影响资料品质,必须对其进行压制。常规面波压制方法存在两方面的缺陷,一方面对面波压制不彻底,存在面波残留,另一方面往往会损伤低频有效信号。本文提出基于匹配追踪的两步法面波压制方法,利用面波和有效波在频率、能量和空间位置上的差异,分别参考近偏移距有效波优势频带和中远偏移距有效信号的低频信息对面波进行压制。实际资料处理表明,该方法具有较强的去噪能力和良好的保真性。

In land seismic exploration,surface waves are a commonly developed regular interference wave with low frequency and strong energy,which seriously affects the quality of data and must be suppressed.The conventional surface wave suppression methods have two shortcomings.On the one hand,the surface wave suppression is not thorough,resulting in residual surface waves.On the other hand,it often damages the low-frequency effective signal.This article proposes a two-step surface wave suppression method based on matching pursuit.By utilizing the differences in frequency,energy,and spatial position between surface waves and effective waves,the first step is to suppress surface waves by referencing the dominant frequency band of effective waves at near offset distances,and the second step is to suppress surface waves by referencing the low-frequency information of effective signals at medium and far offset distances.