民间文献研究的新视域

A New Perspective of Folk Literature Research

民众在日常生活中使用的文字资料,包括族谱、碑刻、契约、账本、日记、书信、唱本、剧本、赋役文书、礼仪文书、诉讼文书、堪舆书、医药书等,是对民间生活的真实反映,也是中国传统文化的有机组成部分,相较于官方制书、正史以及文人文集,它们更具有民间性、草根性和真实性,对复原历史上的乡村民众生活有着无可替代的作用。基于田野调查的民间历史文献研究,能更准确地反映发生在中国大地的过往历史,反映普通百姓视角下的中国历史进程,基于此形成的经验总结、理论概括,有助于推进形成基于中国经验的学术话语体系。

The written materials used by the people in their daily life include genealogies,inscriptions,contracts,accounts,diaries,letters,singing books,plays,service documents,ceremonial documents,litigation documents,geomancy books,medical books,etc.They are a true reflection of folk life and an organic part of traditional Chinese culture.Compared with official books,official histories and literati collections,they are more folk,grassroots and authentic,and play an irreplaceable role in restoring rural people′s life in history.The research of folk historical documents based on field investigation can more accurately reflect the past history of the land of China and reflect the historical process of China from the perspective of ordinary people.The experience summary and theoretical generalization formed on this basis will help to promote the formation of academic discourse system based on Chinese experience.