数字化教材开发的理论、技术与政策

Theory,Technology,and Policy of Digital Teaching Material Development

职业知识属性、职校生学习方式偏好、职业教育教学环境等因素决定了数字化是职业教育教材形态创新的重要方向。但数字化教材开发实践中产生了许多偏离预期的现象,如把数字化教材等同于纸质教材的电子版;把数字化教材与数字化教学资源混淆等。这些问题如果不及时纠正,将给职业教育教材管理带来困境,并可能导致教学质量的下降。数字化教材应定义为对纸质教材内容进行数字化表征处理产生的新形态教材,它是纸质教材的平行版本,核心特征是知识的数字化表征处理。数字化教材开发在选择合适支撑技术的同时更应加强对职业知识呈现方式的研究。为了规避数字化教材开发与应用可能带来的系列问题,有必要规范其开发行为,实施集中管理,但允许开发者有充分的教材修订自由度。

Factors,such as the attributes of vocational knowledge,the learning preferences of vocational school students,and the teaching environment of vocational education,determine that digitalization is an important direction for the innovation of vocational education teaching material forms.However,in the practice of developing digital teaching materials there have been many phenomena that deviate from expectations,such as equating digital teaching materials with electronic versions of paper teaching materials;confusing digital teaching materials with digital teaching resources.If these problems are not corrected in time,they will bring difficulties to the management of vocational education teaching materials and may lead to a decline in teaching quality.Digital teaching materials should be defined as new forms of teaching materials generated by digital representation processing of the content of paper teaching materials.It is a parallel version of paper teaching materials,with the core feature being the digital representation processing of knowledge.The development of digital teaching materials should not only choose appropriate supporting technologies,but also strengthen research on the presentation of vocational knowledge.In order to avoid a series of problems that may arise from the development and application of digital teaching materials,it is necessary to standardize its development behavior and implement centralized management,but allow developers to have sufficient freedom in teaching material revision.