医学生童年期创伤与心理健康:心理弹性的中介作用

Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Mental Health in Medical Students:the Mediating Role of Resilience

目的探讨医学生童年期创伤与心理弹性、心理健康的关系。方法采用儿童期创伤问卷、心理弹性量表、症状自评量表对3888名医学生进行问卷调查。结果医学生童年期创伤发生率为30.8%,不同性别、是否独生子女、不同生源地、有无留守经历和心理治疗(咨询)求助史的医学生童年期创伤、心理弹性和SCL-90得分差异有统计学意义(t=2.33~6.96,P<0.05);童年期创伤与心理弹性得分呈负相关(r=-0.31,P<0.05),与SCL-90得分呈正相关(r=0.38,P<0.05),心理弹性在童年期创伤与心理健康之间有中介作用(β=0.10,P<0.05)。结论童年期创伤经历越多的医学生,心理弹性越弱,心理健康状况越差。医学生童年期创伤对心理健康有直接预测作用,且受心理弹性的中介效应调节,须重点关注农村地区、非独生子女、有留守和心理治疗(咨询)求助经历的医学生,提升其心理弹性水平,促进其心理健康。

Objective To explore the relationship among childhood trauma,resilience and mental health in medical students.Methods A total of 3888 medical students were investigated by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ),the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Results The incidence of childhood trauma in medical students was 30.8%.There were significant differences in CTQ,CD-RISC and SCL-90 scores among medical students with different gender,number of children in their family,place of origin,left-behind experience and history of psychotherapy(t=2.33-6.96,P<0.05).CTQ score was negatively correlated with CD-RISC score(r=-0.31,P<0.05),but positively correlated with SCL-90 score(r=0.38,P<0.05).Resilience played a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and mental health(β=0.10,P<0.05).Conclusion The more traumatic experiences in childhood,the weaker the resilience and the worse the mental health.Childhood trauma has a direct predictive effect on the mental status of medical students,and is moderated by the mediating effect of resilience.Attention should be paid to medical students from rural areas,who are not the only child in the family,and have left-behind experience and history of psychotherapy.Improving their resilience might promote their mental health.