《黑图档·道光朝》所见盛京地区立嗣纠纷档案研究

A study on Heirship dispute Archives in Shengjing area as Seen in Heitu Dangse of Daoguang Period

中国古人为确保祖先祭祀与家庭血统的绵延不绝,通过立嗣来弥补自然子嗣继承的缺憾。目前已有的立嗣纠纷研究多基于清代内陆地区,对于清朝“龙兴之地”即盛京地区涉及较少,且研究粗疏。文章通过对《黑图档·道光朝》内立嗣纠纷档案的整理,从立嗣前嗣子人选、立嗣时行为要件和立嗣后权利义务三部分研究立嗣纠纷档案的构成,总结立嗣纠纷档案具有呈现立嗣程序、反映立嗣纠纷过程和揭示立嗣纠纷解决方式等方面的价值,不仅补充清代盛京地区立嗣方面的研究,而且为研究清代东北地区的社会治理提供了重要参考。

In ancient China,the establishment of heirs was used to make up for the lack of natural succession in order to ensure ancestor worship and the continuity of the family line.At present,there have been heirs dispute research based on inland area in the the Qing dynasty,but for the Qing dynasty's"Longxing land"(the hometown of the Qing dynasty royal family),namely Shengjing area,is less involved,and the researches are few and not in-depth.Through the collation of the archives of heirship disputes in Hetu Dangse of Daoguang Period,this paper studies the composition of the heirship disputes archives from three parts:candidates for pre-heirship succession,elements of conduct in establishing a succession,and the rights and obligations after the heirship.It summarizes that the heirship disputes archives are valuable presenting heirship proceedings and reflecting heirship disputes and revealing the solutions to heirship disputes.This not only supplements the research on heirship in the Shengjing area of the Qing dynasty,but also provides an important reference for studying the social governance in the northeastern region of the Qing dynasty.