上海市公立医院抗菌药物科学化管理实践研究

Research on Practice of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Shanghai Public Hospitals

目的对上海市医疗机构抗菌药物科学化管理(Antimicrobial Stewardship,AMS)开展情况进行典型案例调查和要素分析,总结AMS实践过程中的经验,为AMS进一步推广和落实提供参考。方法通过目的抽样,选择上海市7家典型医院作为样本,邀请AMS关键知情者进行半结构式访谈,并基于AMS核心要素理论,运用主题分析法,对AMS实施情况及优秀实践经验进行分析总结。结果样本医院在AMS领导力支持和问责机制方面卓有成效,而在培训、跟踪及报告方面有待提升。部分医院在常规干预方案的基础上,根据自身学科优势,积极拓展AMS行动,结合外部监管和内部评价等控制措施,逐步形成了符合机构特色的AMS策略,院内抗菌药物相关指标得到不同程度的改善。结论在AMS后续推进中,医疗机构可在夯实自身治理架构和常规干预方案的基础上,借鉴优秀经验,选择因地制宜的AMS策略。同时,相关部门应加大对AMS信息系统和人力资源的投入,保障AMS落实。

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.