一种基于多波地震的多尺度属性融合

A multi⁃scale attribute fusion based on multi⁃wave seismic

相比于多波地震数据采集和处理方法,多波地震数据解释方法进展较慢,难以体现多波地震技术的优越性。常规地震属性提取与分析多基于纵波地震资料,并未综合利用储层纵、横波信息。为此,提出了一种多尺度属性融合技术,以增强多波复合属性的油气敏感性。对于实际二维地震剖面,首先,构造一个高斯金字塔,以生成不同分辨率的各种复合属性;其次,融合不同尺度的所有属性形成有效的多尺度增强属性;再次,借鉴图像叠加理论,将不同的多尺度增强属性混合叠加,可有效突出储层发育区域,且保留了各种属性间的差异,能更好地描述砂体的含油气性。模型试算表明,对于含油气砂岩与围岩差异较小的复杂二维模型,依据RGB的多波地震融合属性能够检测储层,并可识别反射界面位置。实际数据试算表明,所提方法能分辨靶区河道砂体的储层分布。

Compared with the multi⁃wave seismic data acquisition and processing methods,the progress of multi⁃wave seismic data interpretation methods is relatively slow,which makes it difficult to demonstratethe superio⁃rity of multi⁃wave seismic technology.Conventional seismic attribute extraction and analysis are mostly based on P⁃wave seismic data,without fully utilizing reservoir P⁃wave and S⁃wave information.Therefore,a multi⁃scale attribute fusion technology is proposed to enhance the oil and gas sensitivity of multi⁃wave composite attri⁃butes.For an actual 2D seismic profile,firstly,a Gaussian pyramid is constructed to generate various compo⁃site attributes of different resolutions.Secondly,all attributes of different scales are fused to form an effective multi⁃scale enhanced attribute.Thirdly,by leveraging image superposition theory,different multi⁃scale en⁃hanced attributes are mixed and superimposed,which can effectively highlight the reservoir development area and retain the differences between various attributes,thus better describing the oil and gas bearing properties of the sand body.The model test shows that for complex two⁃dimensional models with small differences between oil⁃bearing sandstone and surrounding rock,the multi⁃wave seismic fusion attribute based on RGB can detect reservoirs and identify the location of reflection interfaces.The actual data test shows that the proposed method can accurately distinguish the distribution of channel sand body in the target area.