基于行为研究法的健康管理在脊柱外科围术期患者中的应用

Application of Health Management based on Behavioral Research Method in Perioperative Patients of Spine Surgery

目的:探讨基于行为研究法的健康管理在脊柱外科围术期患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月1日~2022年12月31日脊柱外科收治的88例患者作为研究对象,按照单双号法随机分为管理组和常规组各44例,常规组采用脊柱外科常规围术期护理,管理组在常规组基础上采用基于行为研究法的健康管理。比较两组深静脉血栓形成(DVT)发生率、DVT风险[采用Caprini风险评估量表]、血栓相关指标[包括D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(Fg)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)]、疾病认知(采用骨科手术患者深静脉血栓认知水平问卷)、生活质量[采用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOL-74)]。结果:管理组DVT发生率低于常规组(P<0.05);术后1、3 d,两组Caprini风险评估量表评分均低于术后即刻(P<0.05),且管理组低于常规组(P<0.01);术后3 d,两组D-D、Fg、PT、APTT均低于术后1 d(P<0.05),且管理组低于常规组(P<0.05);干预后,两组疾病认知水平、GQOL-74评分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且管理组高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:基于行为研究法的健康管理能降低脊柱外科手术患者围术期DVT发生风险,提升患者疾病相关知识认知水平,改善生活质量。

Objective:To explore the application effect of health management based on behavior research method in perioperative patients of spine surgery.Methods:A total of 88 patients admitted from January 1,2021 to December 31,2022 were selected as the research objects.According to the odd and even number method,they were randomly divided into the management group and the routine group,with 44 cases in each group,the routine group received routine perioperative care in spinal surgery,and the management group received health management based on behavior research method based on the routine group.The incidence of DVT,risk of DVT using Caprini risk assessment scale,thrombosis-related indicators including D-dimer(D-D),fibrinogen(Fg),prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),disease cognition using cognitive level questionnaire for orthopedic surgery patients,and quality of life(GQOL-74)were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of DVT in the management group was lower than those in the routine group(P<0.05).The Caprini scores of the two groups were lower on one and 3 days after operation than those at the time after operation(P<0.05),and the Caprini scores of the management group were lower than those in the routine group(P<0.01).The levels of D-D,Fg,PT and APTT 3 days after operation in the two groups were lower than those on one day after operation(P<0.05),and the levels in the management group were lower than those in the routine group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the disease cognitive level,GQOL-74 scores in the two groups were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those were higher in the management group than the routine group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Health management based on behavioral research can reduce the incidence and risk of perioperative DVT in patients undergoing spinal surgery,enhance the cognitive level of disease-related knowledge and improve the quality of life of patients.