国际软法视角下人工智能全球治理的现状与建议

The Current State and Recommendations for Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of International Soft Law

人工智能技术的快速发展带来了一系列伦理、法律和政策挑战,使国际法面临着前所未有的考验。鉴于人工智能领域的复杂性和多变性,目前尚难以用一套统一的强制规则将其予以规制。在国际硬法缺位的背景下,软法在全球人工智能治理中扮演着重要角色。本文旨在分析当前人工智能“软法之治”的现状和所面临的挑战,重点关注伦理原则、数据监管和国际合作三大方面,提出应对这些挑战的对策,以帮助适应快速变化的人工智能时代。在此基础上,进一步提出要在联合国的主导下制定《人工智能框架公约》,将一些成熟的软法规则逐步转变成硬法,从而对人工智能国际法的进一步发展做出贡献。

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology has brought about a series of ethical,legal,and policy challenges,presenting unprecedented tests for international law.Given the complexity and variability of the AI field,it is currently difficult to regulate it with a unified set of mandatory rules.In the absence of hard law at the international level,soft law plays a significant role in the global governance of AI.This paper aims to analyse the current status and challenges of the“soft law governance”of AI,with a focus on ethical principles,data regulation,and international cooperation.It proposes strategies to address these challenges,helping to adapt to the rapidly changing era of AI.On this basis,it further suggests that a“Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence”should be developed under the leadership of the United Nations,gradually transforming some mature soft law rules into hard law,thereby contributing to the further development of international law on AI.