腹膜透析患者预后危险因素调查与护理方案的建立

Investigation of prognostic risk factors and establishment of nursing program for peritoneal dialysis patients

目的探究腹膜透析患者影响预后结局因素,进而构建满足腹膜透析患者护理需求的护理方案,为探索更好的适宜新疆地区的腹膜透析患者护理方案提供参考依据。方法选取新疆某三级甲等医院2015年1月至2020年1月就诊的腹膜透析患者128例作为研究对象。根据随访结局不同,运用SPSS 22.0和R4.2软件将患者基本信息和护理评估指标设为变量进行统计分析及绘图。所有变量行单因素Lo-gistic回归分析,将P<0.05定为差异因素或临床认为有意义变量均纳入多因素Logistic回归分析。同时构建列线图,可视化研究结局及变量因素影响,进一步构建腹膜透析患者护理问题推荐表。结果单因素Logistic分析结果显示认知评分、生理评分、健康行为评分、心理社会评分是腹膜透析患者预后的危险因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示:生理评分[OR值(95%CI)=2.62(1.28,5.34),P=0.008]和心理社会评分[OR值(95%CI)=2.55(1.44,4.53),P=0.001]是患者预后相关因素。结论生理评分和心理社会评分是影响腹膜透析患者预后的独立危险因素,基于此要加强相关护理干预,持续改进护理方案。

Objective To explore the factors affecting the prognostic outcome of peritoneal dialysis patients,and then to construct a nursing program to meet the nursing needs of peritoneal dialysis patients,to explore a better suitable nursing program for peritoneal dialysis patients in Xinjiang region.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight peritoneal dialysis patients attending a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang from January 2015 to January 2020 were selected as the study subjects.According to the different follow-up outcomes,SPSS 22.0 and R4.2 software were used to set the basic information of patients and nursing assessment indexes as variables for statistical analysis and plotting.All variables were analyzed by one-way Logistic regression,and P<0.05 was defined as the difference factor or clinically significant variables included in the multifactorial logistic regression analysis.A column chart was also constructed to visualize the study outcomes and the effects of the variables and factors,and a recommendation form was further constructed for peritoneal dialysis patient care issues.Results The results of Logistic univariate analysis showed that cognitive scores,physical scores,health behavior scores,and psychosocial scores were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multifactorial Logistic analysis showed that physiological score[OR(95%CI)=2.62(1.28,5.34),P=0.008]and psychosocial score[OR(95%CI)=2.55(1.44,4.53),P=0.001]were prognostic correlates of patients.Conclusion Physiological and psychosocial scores are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of peritoneal dialysis patients,based on which relevant nursing interventions should be strengthened and care programs should be continuously improved.