外泌体介导巨噬细胞极化调控肝细胞癌肿瘤微环境的研究进展

Progress of exosome-mediated macrophage polarisation in regulating the tumour microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma

巨噬细胞作为浸润免疫细胞之一,与肿瘤微环境(TME)关系密切,其拥有显著的可塑性,在不同的刺激下可转化为作用相反的表型。外泌体作为承载生物学信息的载体具有丰富的活性,能实现细胞之间相互交流。有研究表明,癌细胞源性外泌体可携带来源细胞的生物信息调节巨噬细胞的功能,通过介导巨噬细胞极化影响TME,进而影响肿瘤进展。肝细胞癌(HCC)相关巨噬细胞是存在于肿瘤免疫微环境中一群巨噬细胞,影响着肝癌细胞的各种恶性行为和肿瘤内的免疫逃逸状态,进而影响HCC的发展。该文就外泌体介导巨噬细胞极化在HCC的TME中的作用进行了综述,旨在为HCC的治疗提供新的方向。

Macrophages,as one of infiltrating immune cells,are closely related to the tumour microenvironment(TME),and they possess remarkable plasticity,transforming into phenotypes with opposite effects under different stimuli.Exosomes as carriers of biological information,are rich in activity and can fulfil the mutual communication between cells.Studies have shown that cancer cell-derived exosomes can carry biological information from source cells to regulate macrophage function and influence the TME by mediating macrophage polarisation,which in turn affects tumour progression.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)-associated macrophages are a group of macrophages existing in the tumour immune microenvironment,influencing various malignant behaviours of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the immune escape state within the tumour,which in turn affects the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.In this paper,we reviewed the role of exosome-mediated macrophage polarisation in the TME of hepatocellular carcinoma to provide new directions for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.