层状双氢氧化物基自修复涂层在海洋环境中的应用进展

Application Progress of Layered Double Hydroxides-Based Self-Healing Coatings in Marine Environment

恶劣的海洋环境使防腐成为海洋工程的技术难题,为延长海洋防腐涂层的使用寿命,开发具有“主动愈合”自修复功能的智能防腐涂层成为当前的研究热点。层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)因其独特的结构和阴离子交换性能,是理想的缓蚀剂纳米容器和氯离子固化剂,展现了优异的环境响应自修复防腐性能,加之成熟的施工技术,在海洋防腐工程中有广泛的应用。综述了LDHs材料的结构性质、合成方法以及LDHs基涂层的制备,总结了近年来LDHs作为有机涂层中的添加剂或预处理转化膜在海洋环境中针对金属(镁合金、铝合金和钢铁)防护和混凝土防护等领域的应用情况。鉴于涂层实际服役过程中遇到的复杂问题,提出LDHs材料研究中存在的不足和挑战,并展望了在海洋环境中LDHs材料未来的研究趋势。

The harsh marine environment makes anti-corrosion a technical problem in marine engineering.In order to improve the service life of marine anticorrosive coatings,the development of intelligent anticorrosive coatings with"active healing"self-repairing function has become a research hotspot.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are ideal corrosion inhibitor nanocontainers and chloride ion hardeners due to their unique structure and anion exchange properties.With excellent environmentally responsive self-healing corrosion resistance and mature con-struction technology,LDHs have been widely used in marine anti-corrosion engineering.In this paper,the structural properties and synthesis methods of LDHs materials and the preparation of LDHs based coatings were reviewed.The applications of LDHs as additive in organic coatings and pre-treatment conversion films in marine environment for metal protection(magnesium alloy,aluminum alloy and steel)and concrete pro-tection in recent years were summarized.In view of the complex problems encountered in the actual service of the coating,the shortcomings and challenges in the research of LDHs materials were put forward,and the future research trend of LDHs materials in the marine environment was forecasted.