中国基层环境治理中的“链式协同”——基于S市工业园区的一项案例研究

The"Chain-Style Collaboration"of Local Environmental Governance in China:A Case Study Based on an Industrial District in S City

2024年国务院《政府工作报告》明确提出要“充分调动各方面保护和改善生态环境的积极性”,然而在中国情境下如何实现政府与非政府主体之间的协同治理仍是现阶段环境治理的棘手难题。本文通过揭示协同治理理论中政府和非政府主体间“伙伴关系”的前提假设,以及补充中国政府治理的“责任链条”特征,提出一个“链式协同”的概念框架与解释思路。结合S市工业园区“环境管理合作伙伴计划”案例,本文提出“链式协同”是基层地方政府主导下,基层地方政府部门与企业、社会组织等非政府主体基于自愿平等的“伙伴关系”与紧密衔接的“责任链条”所实现的一种政府与非政府主体协同治理形式,具体呈现为建立协同治理“朋友圈”和用好问责机制“组合拳”等过程环节。相较于以往协同治理形式,本文提出的“链式协同”不仅强调政府主导对于实现协同治理的关键作用,而且突出中国情境下非政府主体参与协同治理的实现方式,从而为理解当前基层环境治理领域的“中国式现代化”提供了新的分析视角。

The 2024 Government Work Report by the State Council proposed to"fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties to protect and improve the ecological environment",but how to achieve collaborative governance between the government and non-governmental entities in China is still a thorny problem for China's government now.Based on the premise of the"partnership"between government and non-governmental entities in collaborative governance theory and the concept of"responsibility chain"in China,this paper proposes a"chain-style collaboration"as a new collaborative governance mechanism with China's characteristic.Combined with the long-term observation of the"Environmental Management Partnership Program"of the S City Industrial District,we identify the chain-style collaboration as a partnership and responsibility chain between local government units and non-governmental entities that engages in collaborative activities,with these activities led by the local governments.Compared with previous studies,the"chain-style collaboration"proposed in this paper not only emphasizes the key role of government leadership in achieving collaborative governance in China,but also highlights the importance and necessity of non-governmental entities participating in collaborative governance.So,this paper attempts to provide a new analytical perspective for understanding the"Chinese path to modernization"with an example of local collaborative governance practice.