深描“分布式知识”:多点民族志的理论取向与实践路径

Thick Description of"Distributed Knowledge":Theoretical Orientation and Practical Paths of Multi-sited Ethnography

在全球化的背景下,越来越多的研究问题来自跨国的文化现象或社会流动。单点民族志已不足以应对一个日益流动、变化的液态世界。因此,在全球化背景下,多点民族志调查的时代已经到来。但多点民族志作为一种新兴的方法,是一个正在建设的领域,很多问题在方法论层面仍模糊不清,这在很大程度上限制了该方法在新闻传播研究领域的推广和应用。为此,本研究以多点民族志学者从事田野调查的经验材料为根基,并结合自己的“多点”调查经验,对该方法在理论和实践上展开讨论,从方法论层面回应了多点民族志调查中的诸多问题,以期有助于研究者在民族志传播研究中精确把握和使用该方法。

In today's era of globalization,an increasing number of research questions stem from transnational cultural phenomena or social mobility.Single-sited ethnography is no longer sufficient to cope with an increasingly mobile and changing liquid world.Therefore,in the context of globalization,the era of multi-sited ethnography has arrived.However,as an emerging method,multi-sited ethnography is a field under construction,and many issues remain unclear at the methodological level.This limits the promotion and application of this method in the field of journalism and communication research.This study was based on the empirical materials that multi-sited ethnographers engaged in fieldwork,and combined my own multi-sited investigation to discuss this method in theory and practice.It solves the practical problems in multi-sited ethnographic surveys from the methodological level,which is very helpful for domestic communication scholars to understand and use this method in ethnographic communication research,and expand the field of"multi-sited"ethnographic communication.